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La gestión de la producción y sus procesos. Gestión de la producción: modelos, antecedentes, evolución. Modelos de gestión de la producción: tendencias actuales. El sistema de producción de Toyota y la producción lean o ajustada. Características actuales de los mercados, los sistemas productivos y su gestión. Los nuevos tipos de producción en el marco en el marco de la producción ajustada. Los modelos de gestión de los sistemas productivos. El modelo de gestión tradicional en masa. La gestión basada en las limitaciones o cuellos de botella (TOC), etc.
This book presents some definitions and concepts applied in Latin America on lean manufacturing (LM), the LM tools most widely used and human and cultural aspects that most matter in this field. The book contains a total of 14 tools used and reported by authors from different countries in Latin America, with definition, timeline with related research, benefits that have been reported in literature and case studies implemented in Latin American companies. Finally, the book presents a list of softwares available to facilitate the tools' implementation, monitoring and improvement.
We want to welcome you to both an exciting and tactical discipline: operations management. This manual on Fundamentals of operations management is an effective tool to understand one of the main functions of any organisation: the creation of goods and services. That is, to understand what resources are needed to generate the goods and services of an organisation in a global and highly competitive environment, while also incorporating new technologies. In this manual, along with the classic fundamentals of operations management, we will look forward towards what is coming and how it will impact process improvement in companies. The main goal of this book is to equip the reader with the fundamental concepts in operations management. To do this, it will present the main qualitative and quantitative models for managing operations both in public and private companies. As the reader will see, the chapters are structured with an easy-to-follow and rigorous thematic thread that will make each and every step understandable. All this book has been designed with a distance learning student or a self-taught reader, such as an entrepreneur, in mind. We aim to facilitate the learning of a discipline that for years has been considered complicated and specifically focused on certain professions, and to highlight its relevance and future opportunities. We strive for the reader to enjoy learning from this manual and to discover an exciting discipline with many career opportunities. The book combines both theory and practical exercises with real life cases whose examples will allow the learner to understand the day-to-day and the myriad of challenges and opportunities faced by operations management. The manual covers classic management topics such as process design, inventories, demand forecasting, etc., as well as newer concepts such as digitisation of the supply chain. As for the way the content is conveyed, we have opted for a simple language that facilitates understanding, while also being rigorous and precise. The methodology used is distance learning, which means that this manual is mainly intended for self-learning, and consequently, its structure is designed to promote the understanding of its contents. To achieve this goal: 1. The text is divided into eight chapters that present a logical and coherent sequence to understanding what operations management consists of: Chapter I “Operations in the Current Environment” defines what operations are in a company, teaching the reader about the evolution of this discipline in a global environment. The chapter shows the importance of the company’s competitiveness generators, and explains key concepts such as the value chain, the extended network, and digitisation, which are crucial in current production processes and serve as an introduction to other concepts that will be explained in further detail in the following chapters, which are aimed to teaching how to achieve a right tactical decision-making in operations management. Chapter II “Managing Operations” addresses the main topics in the day-to-day of operations management in order to get the reader in the context of the type of decisions that must be made in matters related to the supply chain, inventory management costs, planning the necessary materials, project management, among others, and understand the implications of such decisions in the proper functioning of the company. After having defined what operations are (Chapter I) and the types of decisions that need to be made for a successful operation (Chapter II), Chapter III, “Tools to Support Decision Making in Operations”, aims to provide the necessary tools to support decision-making in two main categories: quantitative and qualitative techniques. Quantitative techniques include decision trees, linear programming, transportation modelling, queuing models, learning curves, simulations, and sales forecasting. On the other hand, qualitative techniques include concepts such as judgment based on experience, customer surveys, and the Delphi method. By understanding these techniques, readers will be able to delve into key concepts in the following chapters in order to properly plan resources to respond to anticipated demand while avoiding cost overruns and waste and aligning with the company’s production capacity. Chapter IV, “Aggregate Planning,” addresses medium-term production planning, which typically spans between 6 and 18 months. Its main objective is to meet demand, which requires determining the production quantity, inventory levels, and the amount of work or labour force needed by the company, whether in-house or outsourced. To achieve this, it is necessary to develop an Aggregate Production Plan, which is essential for an efficient production. As determining the inventory level is one of the key factors in Aggregate Planning, this manual devotes two chapters to inventory management: Chapter V, “Inventory Management: Independent Demand” and Chapter VI, “Inventory Management: Dependant Demand”. In both chapters, inventory management and being able to determine the optimal quantity of supplies that should be ordered are critical factors for the company’s costs and productivity. Therefore, calculating the optimal order quantity is the central focus of both chapters. The decision to divide inventory management into two chapters is mainly due to the methods used to determine the optimal order quantities, which differ for materials with dependent and independent demand. For the latter case, classic or traditional methods (Chapter V) are not valid (initial assumptions change), and more complex systems, such as MRP (Material Requirements Planning), studied in Chapter VI of this manual, are required. In addition, inventory management has become a critical factor for a company’s competitiveness in today’s globalized world. The emergence of philosophies or approaches that practically eliminate inventory, such as the Just-In-Time (JIT) or Lean Manufacturing systems, cannot be overlooked, so they have their space in Chapter VI. Chapter VII, “Operational Scheduling,” constitutes the final link in operations management. Operational scheduling or short-term planning translates medium to long-term plans into short-term decisions aimed at allocating human resources, machines, and materials in the workplace to plan the most optimal work sequence possible. In short, it translates the Master Production Schedule (Chapter IV) and MRP (Chapter VI) into work sequences and specific assignments of people, materials, and machines to the work centres. Usually, assignments are made on a weekly, daily, and even hourly basis. The last chapter (Chapter VIII), “Quality in the Age of Planned Obsolescence”, tackles the concept of quality from the perspective of operations management and how it has evolved towards process improvement theories while addressing the phenomenon of planned obsolescence, waste generation, and the ethical commitment of operations management to preserve the environment. 2. Each chapter is structured as follows: · The title that identifies it. · A descriptive content section of its main sections. · The educational goals to be achieved after studying it, · Keywords. · An outline that orderly structures the content. · A summary that presents the most important contents and ideas of the chapter The text itself is complemented by graphics, examples, diagrams, and practical situations that occur in our business reality and highlight the application of theoretical concepts. · Glossary of terms · A series of self-assessment questionnaires for every chapter that aims to evaluate the reader’s degree of understanding of its contents (in the online portion of the manual). · Recommended readings (in the online portion of the manual) to reinforce the contents learned through articles, manuals or a combination of both that will allow the reader to establish their learning of all the key issues. Some chapters are also reinforced with videos found on the Internet that contain practical application cases of the studied contents. As can be seen, this book concludes with an extensive bibliography made up of manuals related to Operations Management. Finally, it is our wish that the reader enjoys the manual and that it opens the doors to new and interesting opportunities for them. Dr. Mª Teresa Nogueras Lozano Dr. Eva Ballesté-Morillas
This is a practical, entertaining and didactic book for those who are starting out in Lean culture. The language used in the techniques and tools allows Lean Six Sigma management system to be understood easily and, in addition, establishes a methodology adaptable to any improvement process. From the detailed knowledge of the processes, Lean Manufacturing encourages innovation, discipline and the continuous search for excellence, through tools that improve the effectiveness of teams, delivery times and, on the whole, the capacity and competitiveness of companies. Step by step, this book enables you to discover and apply material control and production techniques that increase quality, improve communication and access to information and provide significant energy reductions. The Lean Manufacturing system offers a methodology for manufacturing and the management of organizations focused on continuous improvement, in line with the needs for efficiency and optimization of companies' resources.
Lean manufacturing is a process used in production to maximize efficiency and minimize waste by considering sustainability and the environment. This book presents a comprehensive overview of lean manufacturing in various enterprises, including manufacturing, construction, and the fabric and textile industry, among others. Chapters cover such topics as barriers to lean manufacturing, enterprise modeling, lean practices and circular economies, and more.
En esta obra se expone cuanto concierne a la organización y gestión en el ámbito de la Producción u Operaciones, de gran importancia para que las empresas obtengan buenos resultados, ya que es en los procesos de producción donde la empresa genera su mayor o menor valor añadido, que es precisamente la fuente del beneficio obtenido. El libro abarca todo tipo de operaciones, sean industriales o de servicios, y hace además una especial incidencia en los sistemas más avanzados e innovadores de organización y gestión de la producción y todo cuanto la afecta: productos, procesos, calidad, logística, mantenimiento, proyectos, costes, etc.Es especialmente relevante el énfasis que esta obra hace en las metodolog¡as más actuales, ya que se han producido grandes cambios cuyo motor ha sido la evolución de nuestra sociedad y, en especial, la de los mercados y el comportamiento de los consumidores en el último cuarto de siglo. Estos cambios han desembocado en un nuevo enfoque de gestión conocido como "producción ajustada" o lean, caracterizado por un mejor aprovechamiento de los recursos y una mayor flexibilidad para adaptarse a las exigencias variadas y cambiantes de los mercados. Se han reunido pues, en un tratado único, los conocimientos que permiten al lector situarse al día en lo concerniente a la organización y gestión de los sistemas productivos y sus distintas áreas de gestión, de forma que se pueda decidir cómo orientar la gestión en todos estos aspectos y alcanzar así lo que deber ser el objetivo de toda la gestión empresarial: obtener el mayor grado de eficiencia y competitividad posible.INDICE RESUMIDO: La empresa: funciones y actividades funcionales. La producción y los sistemas productivos: procesos. El producto: análisis de valor. La producción-Procesos-Relación entre productos y procesos. Gestión de la producción-Modelos-Lean Management. Procesos en flujo flexible lean. Procesos en flujo pull y gestión lean. Diseño y organización de procesos con implantación funcional o por talleres. Diseño integral de plantas productivas. Gestión de proyectos. Planificación de la producción. La gestión del stock. Log¡stica. Gestión de la calidad total. Gestión económica de la producción.
This book is comprised of a collection of reviews and research works from international professionals from various parts of the world. A practical approach to quality management provides the reader with the understanding of basic to total quality practices in organizations, reflecting a systematic coverage of topics. Its main focus is on quality management practices in organization and dealing with specific total quality practices to quality management systems. It is intended for use as a reference at the universities, colleges, corporate organizations, and for individuals who want to know more about total quality practices. The works in this book will be a helpful and useful guide to practitioners seeking to understand and use the appropriate approaches to implement total quality.
Desde la ingeniería de procesos, esta obra está totalmente centrada en todo aquello que afecta al diseño de procesos y plantas de producción, muy especialmente -de acuerdo con las pautas más avanzadas en la actualidad- en las plantas del sector del automóvil y centradas en la aplicación del modelo de gestión desarrollado por Toyota y aplicado en la actualidad con el nombre de Lean Management. El libro abarca todos los aspectos ligados a los procesos y aunque se da una especial relevancia a la aplicación de técnicas Lean, se tratan también otros modelos de gestión aplicados en la actualidad en muchas empresas. Se exponen los distintos tipos de distribución en planta de los procesos y el diseño de las plantas, primero de forma global y después de manera más detallada. Asimismo, se exponen las características comparadas de los distintos modelos de gestión de procesos productivos y cómo se diseñan plantas completas con cada uno de ellos. Todo cuanto se refiere a la planificación y diseño de procesos y plantas mediante el modelo Lean, sin duda el más avanzado actualmente, se expone de forma exhaustiva, con ayuda de herramientas específicas, algunas de tipo gráfico y con el soporte informático que demandan diseños que, siendo complejos y detallados, no supongan una tarea ardua para el diseñador, especialmente en la faceta de optimizar el resultado en todos los aspectos que cabe exigir. Y esto será una exigencia inexcusable en los casos de mayor complejidad, como lo son las líneas de producción multiproducto.
El Lean Management nació de la aplicación del sistema desarrollado por Toyota, que tanto éxito ha tenido, pero aplicado a todo tipo de sectores de actividad – sean industriales o de servicios- el Lean Management, comparado con los modelos tradicionales de gestión, supone una forma mucho más competitiva de gestionar una compañía o un negocio, tanto en los aspectos de calidad, como de productividad y costes, de tiempo de respuesta al mercado, de variedad de producto ofrecido, flexibilidad para adaptarse a las fluctuaciones de la demanda, etc. El Lean Management es un modelo de gestión empresarial del siglo XXI y esta obra propone un plan de implantación en 7 etapas.. Lean Management supone la forma más competitiva para gestionar una compañía industrial. Lluís Cuatrecasas es uno de los autores más prestigiosos en la materia a nivel internacional y presidente de la filial del Lean Enterprisa Institute en España.
Efficiency and optimization are the key drivers of success. This book delves deep into the intricate world of production management, unraveling the core concepts and philosophies that form the foundation of modern-day industrial operations. From the principles of lean production to the intricacies of production support management, this book serves as a comprehensive guide for individuals seeking to excel in the realm of production management. Beginning with an in-depth exploration of production management concepts and philosophies, the book sets the stage for a transformative journey into the realm of lean production. Lean principles, rooted in the elimination of waste and continuous improvement, are dissected to reveal their profound impact on operational efficiency and cost reduction. Readers are introduced to innovative product calculation and cost allocation models that pave the way for accurate profitability analysis based on production improvements. As the narrative unfolds, the book delves into the crucial aspects of productivity and standardized work, shedding light on the importance of allowances and work sampling in optimizing production processes. Through an exploration of productivity potential assessment and production improvement organization and methods, readers are equipped with the tools to drive unprecedented growth and innovation within their respective organizations. The book also addresses the pivotal role of manufacturing execution systems in streamlining production operations and enhancing overall efficiency. Additionally, it delves into the intricacies of purchasing and material management, offering insights into effective practices for procuring and managing essential resources. The book culminates with a comprehensive examination of production planning and its application in forecasting, offering readers a roadmap to accurate demand forecasting and optimal resource allocation. Quality control, a cornerstone of modern production management, is meticulously explored to underscore its significance in ensuring the delivery of high-quality products to consumers. This billion-dollar book seamlessly weaves together theoretical frameworks and practical applications, providing readers with a holistic understanding of production management that transcends traditional boundaries. Whether you are a seasoned industry professional or an aspiring production manager, Production Management is a must-read that will revolutionize your approach to production management and propel your organization towards unprecedented success.