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Die Geschichte Lateinamerikas in der Moderne verlief spektakulär und voller Dynamik: Aufstände gegen die Kolonialmächte, die frühe Gründung von Nationalstaaten, die Herrschaft autokratischer Anführer und Militärs, Revolutionen und Guerillabewegungen sowie eine immer wieder von Rückschlägen bedrohte Demokratisierung. Nikolaus Werz zeichnet nicht nur diese ereignisreiche politische Geschichte nach, sondern zeigt darüber hinaus die Entwicklungen Lateinamerikas in verschiedenen Bereichen, wie etwa der Wirtschaft, Religion und Kultur, auf. Aktuelle Phänomene wie Populismus, Staatskrisen oder Drogengewalt werden in einen allgemeinen historischen und globalen Kontext verortet.
Lateinamerika war das «erste Amerika» im Zeitalter der Entdeckungen. Es war die Säule der ersten europäischen Kolonialreiche und Schnittstelle riesiger Menschen- und Warenströme aus vier Kontinenten. Doch nicht nur die «entdeckenden» Europäer, sondern auch die ursprünglichen Bewohner gestalteten die Geschichte Lateinamerikas. Lateinamerika wurde zum Land der Befreiung vom Kolonialismus und zum Kontinent der Diktatoren. Im Zeitalter der neuen Globalisierung bleibt Lateinamerika ein Brennpunkt und ein Labor von Entwicklungen, die weit über den Kontinent hinausweisen.
The modern world is characterised by pervasive economic inequalities. Strong economic growth in some developing countries has contributed to a degree to a reduction in the levels of inequality between nations, yet inequality within nations remains high and in some cases, continues to increase. Ethnic Stratification and Economic Inequality around the World investigates the reasons for these striking differences, exploring the coincidence and interaction between economic stratification and ethnic differentiation. Drawing on extensive international survey and statistical data, the author develops a new theory and concrete hypotheses concerning the conditions which lead toward extreme inequality and those which tend toward greater equality. A systematic examination of the interaction between class structures, social stratification and ethnic differentiation, this book sheds light on the manner in which the resulting social structures produce different levels of economic inequality, offering a fivefold typology of patterns of ethnic stratification, which can be applied to present-day world regions. Drawing on the work of Max Weber to provide a rigorous investigation of inequality around the world, it demonstrates what 'sociology as a science of social reality' can significantly contribute to our understanding of global economic stratification. The book is relevant for a wide social-scientific audience, particularly for sociologists, economists and political scientists working in a comparative perspective.
The articles of this comprehensive edited volume offer a multidisciplinary, global and comparative approach to the history of empires. They analyze their ends over a long spectrum of humankind’s history, ranging from Ancient History through Modern Times. As the main guiding question, every author of this volume scrutinizes the reasons for the decline, the erosion, and the implosion of individual empires. All contributions locate and highlight different factors that triggered or at least supported the ending or the implosion of empires. This overall question makes all the contributions to this volume comparable and allows to detect similarities, differences as well as inconsistencies of historical processes.
What kind of cultural encounters enhance cultural awareness and intercultural competence in educational contexts? This volume highlights the potential of different types of (inter)cultural encounters for intercultural learning and developing critical (cultural) awareness in education. The book's articles explore the potential of critical reading of classical and other culturally relevant texts, as well as physical or virtual encounters with people from other cultures as part of course activities for the development of intercultural competence. (Series: Intercultural Education / Interkulturelle Padagogik - Vol. 13) [Subject: Education, Cultural Studies]
An essential overview of this blossoming field, The Routledge Companion to Inter-American Studies is the first collection to draw together the diverse approaches and perspectives on the field, highlighting the importance of Inter-American Studies as it is practiced today. Including contributions from canonical figures in the field as well as a younger generation of scholars, reflecting the foundation and emergence of the field and establishing links between older and newer methodologies, this Companion covers: Theoretical reflections Colonial and historical perspectives Cultural and political intersections Border discourses Sites and mobilities Literary and linguistic perspectives Area studies, global studies, and postnational studies Phenomena of transfer, interconnectedness, power asymmetry, and transversality within the Americas.
Examines the global regulation of biodiversity politics through international treaties; assessing how the discourse and politics of sustainable development have contributed to the internationalization of the state.
For the first time in human history, the majority of the world's population lives in cities rather than rural areas. Whereas in industrialized countries urban and transport development has now reached a certain degree of saturation, it is proceeding in other regions of the world with an enormous dynamism. This book presents for the first time a survey of global urban and transport development in order to gain an overview of the magnitude of the global challenges. Against this background, the study proposes a direction for future deliberations that will provide an adequate response to the looming urban mobility problems. (Series: Mobility and Society / Mobilit�¤t und Gesellschaft, Vol. 9) [Subject: Sociology, Urban Studies, Transportation, Public Policy]