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Reflective cracking due to shrinkage and brittleness in asphalt pavements can seriously degrade an asphalt overlay before it is near its design life. Geosynthetics have been used to impede the reflection of existing transverse cracking to the new overlay. The geosynthetics are intended to minimize the tension transferred to the overlay from the existing pavement. The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) installed a test section consisting of 120 transverse cracks treated with five different geosynthetic types, 22 transverse cracks treated with crack filling only and a control section of 20 untreated transverse cracks. The test and control sections were constructed over an open-graded asphalt concrete pavement. The overlay was also an open-graded mix. The 140 transverse crack section is located on US Highway 97 between Milepoint 213.58 and Milepoint 217.64.
To investigate the reflective crack-propagation behavior and provide control techniques for asphalt pavements widening, the finite-element models were built to simulate the widened asphalt pavement with a latent joint. The developed finite-element model considered the influence factors, including the loading modes (i.e., the symmetrical and unsymmetrical loading modes), the thickness and modulus of the asphalt concrete surface, the modulus of the new and existing stabilized bases, and the sheet stiffness of the reinforced geosynthetic. The finite-element simulation results show that increasing the thickness or reducing the modulus of the asphalt concrete surface effectively delays the propagation speed of the reflective cracks. The cracking potential reaches the minimum when the new and existing bases have a uniform modulus. Additionally, geosynthetic reinforcement across the joints significantly reduces the stress concentration around the crack tip and slows down the propagation of the reflective cracks. These benefits become greater when increasing the sheet stiffness of the geosynthetic. Finally, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the influence of the types of the asphalt overlay and the geosynthetic reinforcement on the reflective crack-propagation behavior. The experimental results indicate that the geosynthetic-reinforced structure with a lower modulus of the asphalt concrete surface significantly increases the fatigue life of widened pavements, and the polypropylene geotextile performs better than the glass-fiber grid in terms of the extension of the fatigue life.
Proceedings of RILEM TC-PRC third conference on this subject. Papers from road authorities, engineers, researchers, contractors and manufacturers discussing the implementation and the long term behaviour of overlay systems. The following topics are covered: prevention and cracking assessment, choice and design of overlay systems, practical implemen
This book forms the Proceedings of the Second International RILEM Conference held in Liege in March 1993. It follows the successful first conference held in 1989 and focusses on two main topics: the current state of the art of reflective cracking in highway and other pavements, and design recommendations for field applications. As well as more than
This report summarizes the installation and performance of three geotextile fabrics used to retard reflective cracking in an asphalt overlay test project.
This volume contains the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Geosynthetics (12 ICG), held in Roma, Italy, 17-21 September 2023. About 750 Authors - Academics, Researchers, Students, Practitioners, Contractors and Manufacturers – contributed to the peer-reviewed papers of this volume, which includes the Giroud lecture, the Bathurst lecture, the Rowe lecture, four keynote lectures and 296 technical papers. The content of these proceedings illustrates the sustainable use of geosynthetics in a variety of innovative as well as consolidated applications. After the sustainability implications in the correct use of geosynthetics, the ability to overcome the natural events effects, often related to the climate change, and to adequately afford the human activities (as the increase of pollution) forced to refer to a new keyword: Resiliency. The 12 ICG intends to become the base for the next step, hence the conference theme is 'Geosynthetics, Leading the Way to a Resilient Planet'. The conference topics, through general and parallel sessions, invited presentations and keynote lectures, address the most recent developments in geosynthetic engineering, and stimulate fruitful technical and scientific interaction among academicians, professionals, manufacturers, students. The 12 ICG proceedings contain a wealth of information that could be useful for researchers, practitioners and all those working in the broad, innovative and dynamic field of geosynthetics.
To approach the reflection cracking problem in asphalt concrete (AC) overlays systematically the properties of the materials intended to be used in an interlayer stress absorbing composite (ISAC) system were first identified. Various thermal/structural models and laboratory equipment were used for this purpose. A number of woven and nonwoven geotextiles were selected and tested for their engineering properties such as tensile strength, initial modulus, modulus at failure, and percent shrinkage. Several samples of rubber asphalt were prepared by blending different ratios of crumb rubber with various types and ratios of asphalt cements at 400 deg F. These rubber asphalts were tested at different temperatures and the effects of temperature and rate of deformation on their stiffness were evaluated. An ISAC layer was fabricated in the laboratory using the materials considered appropriate. Testing equipment was developed to evaluate the interfacial shear strength and laboratory testing was performed to determine the shear strength of the fabricated ISAC layer under an AC overlay. The ISAC layer was evaluated for its effectiveness against reflection cracking. A laboratory pavement section with an AC overlay over a jointed portland cement concrete slab was constructed and placed in an environmental chamber. A mechanical device was used to simulate thermal strain in the slab and the joint was opened and closed at an extremely slow rate. The testing was conducted at 30 deg F and deterioration in the overlay was monitored using a sensitive LVDT device. The results from the laboratory evaluation testing program indicated that the ISAC layer was highly effective in preventing reflection cracking in a 2.5-in. AC overlay. When compared to a control test section and a section using a commercially available reflection cracking control material, the ISAC layer provided for superior performance. A field pavement test section utilizing the ISAC layer was constructed in the Summer of 1994 and field evaluation is ongoing.