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This book describes the life and accomplishments of Lord Baltimore, who founded the Maryland Colony, which was first settled in 1634, and who advanced the Act of Tolerance, protecting citizens' rights to practice their religion freely.
How early American Catholics justified secularism and overcame suspicions of disloyalty, transforming ideas of religious liberty in the process. In colonial America, Catholics were presumed dangerous until proven loyal. Yet Catholics went on to sign the Declaration of Independence and helped to finalize the First Amendment to the Constitution. What explains this remarkable transformation? Michael Breidenbach shows how Catholic leaders emphasized their churchÕs own traditionsÑrather than Enlightenment liberalismÑto secure the religious liberty that enabled their incorporation in American life. Catholics responded to charges of disloyalty by denying papal infallibility and the popeÕs authority to intervene in civil affairs. Rome staunchly rejected such dissent, but reform-minded Catholics justified their stance by looking to conciliarism, an intellectual tradition rooted in medieval Catholic thought yet compatible with a republican view of temporal independence and church-state separation. Drawing on new archival material, Breidenbach finds that early American Catholic leaders, including Maryland founder Cecil Calvert and members of the prominent Carroll family, relied on the conciliarist tradition to help institute religious toleration, including the Maryland Toleration Act of 1649. The critical role of Catholics in establishing American churchÐstate separation enjoins us to revise not only our sense of who the American founders were, but also our understanding of the sources of secularism. ChurchÐstate separation in America, generally understood as the product of a Protestant-driven Enlightenment, was in key respects derived from Catholic thinking. Our Dear-Bought Liberty therefore offers a dramatic departure from received wisdom, suggesting that religious liberty in America was not bestowed by liberal consensus but partly defined through the ingenuity of a persecuted minority.
This unique historical and genealogical resource draws on the extraordinarily intact legislative, judicial, religious, and personal records of members of the first Maryland legislature. The two-volume set contains profiles of nearly fifteen hundred men who served in the state's legislature in the first 150 years after Maryland's founding.The major public and private aspects of each legislator's career are quickly discernible: family background, marriage, children, social status, religious affiliation, occupation, other offices held, and military service. Many entries include a brief summary of a legislator's stance on public and private issues. A final category, wealth at death, inventories the legislator's estate and notes any significant changes in wealth between first election and death.
Explores the ironies, contradictions, and compromises that give "America's oldest border state"its special character. Selected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic Title Maryland: A Middle Temperament explores the ironies, contradictions, and compromises that give "America's oldest border state" its special character. Extensively illustrated and accompanied by bibliography, maps, charts, and tables, Robert Brugger's vivid account of the state's political, economic, social, and cultural heritage—from the outfitting of Cecil Calvert's expedition to the opening of Baltimore's Harborplace—is rich in the issues and personalities that make up Maryland's story and explain its "middle temperament."
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1890 edition. Excerpt: ... chapter ix. Fendall at first seemed zealous enough for the interests of the province and the proprietary. For one thing he organized the militia, districting the whole province, and appointing commanders for each district, to whom instructions were sent for due mustering and training of the whole fighting population. This had been very much neglected: several of the officers had died and not been replaced; training-days were unattended; arms and ammunition were not looked after; and in case of a sudden alarm few knew'the place of rendezvous, or were sure that there would be any officers to command them if they assembled. Stone, in the affair at Providence, instead of summoning all the fighting men of the province, simply marched with the men of St. Mary's, as if it had been a squabble between two counties. This was all now amended: there were two regiments organized, for the southern and northern halves of the province; and these were made up of local companies, each having its proper officers and rendezvous. By the agreement with Bennett and Matthews a modified engagement of fidelity to the proprietary was drawn up, intended for the relief of those who had scruples about the former oath; and the governor bestirred himself to have this taken, as the law prescribed, by all who took up lands or settled in the province. This gave rise to the only instance of persecution of Quakers under the proprietary rule, if indeed that may be called persecution which was inflicted, not for religious belief, but for open defiance of the law of the land. Certain missionaries of the sect had come in 1657 from Virginia, where they were harshly treated, into Maryland, where they were unmolested, and began to make converts. They were perfectly aware of what...
Skillfully told here, the story of the Calverts' bold experiment in advancing freedom of conscience is the story of the roots of American liberty.--Jerome de Groot "H-Atlantic, H-Net Reviews"