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Contains details on the geological units of Nigeria and the associated mineral resources. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 discusses the geology of the crystalline rocks and their regional distribution while the sedimentary basins constitute the subject of Part 2. Part 3 takes the mineral resources of Nigeria one on one, their geological environment, mode of occurrence, localities and where possible the reserves estimation. Thereafter, an account of the previous and current mining policies (including that of petroleum) of the Nigerian government is given and goes ahead to list some specific investment opportunities in the solid minerals sector.
At attempt is made here to provide a comprehensive The Basement "massifs" roughly delimit the main account in book form of the Petroleum Geology of sedimentary areas of the: Nigeria, a country which in 1979 was the world's 1. ABAKALIKI, BENUE, GONGOLA AND YOLA sixth largest oil producer and rated the twelfth gIant TROUGHS petroleum province of the world by Ivanhoe (1980) 2. BIDA OR MIDDLE NIGER BASIN in terms of known recoverable resources (cumulatIve 3. SOKOTO EMBAYMENT OF THE IULLEM production + proven + probable reserves) of oil and MEDEN BASIN 4. BORNU-CHAD BASIN gas. . 5. DAHOMEY BASIN Nigeria, which has been an indepe. ndent sovereIgn country since 1960, faces the AtlantIc Ocean on the These basins and troughs, taken together with the south, is bounded by the Peoples' Republic of Benin onshore part of the Nigeria Delta Complex, occupy (ex-Dahomey) on the west, by the Republic of Niger about 178 000 square miles, half the total area of and by the Sahara on the north, the Republic of Chad Nigeria. Figure 3 shows the area of Nigeria in com on the northeast, and is bounded by the Umted Re parison to areas of other well known petroleum public of Cameroun on the east. It now consists of provinces and units, such as the Gulf. Coast of. the 19 states organized in a federation and, largely be United States, North Sea etc.
Nigeria is a vast country with considerable wealth in natural resources. This book provides a detailed description of Nigeria’s geology and mineral resources with the aim of promoting sustainable economic development of Nigeria’s mineral and petroleum sectors.
In this text, attention is focused mainly on those literature is accessible, however, it is to be expected countries in western Africa lying south of the Sahara, that teachers and lecturers will know of it and will be that is, between about SON and 15°N, and westward able to acquaint their students with it, where neces of about 15°E. Parts of the region as far north as sary. about 200N are considered from time to time, for A glossary of terms is provided at the end of the purposes of correlation and cQntinuity. The map on volume, and there is a summary at the beginning of p. xiii indicates the approximate extent of the cover each chapter. age. This book is dedicated to the many colleagues and The principal aim is to provide a broad view of students with whom we have worked in West Africa West African geology as a whole, for undergraduates and who have stimulated and encouraged our teach who are studying for honours degrees in geology and ing and research in various ways. We hope also that it may help the work of international organizations who already have an understanding of basic geologi cal principles. It is increasingly important that such as AGID, CIFEG and UNESCO to encourage the growing trend towards geological co-operation geologists working in this region should see it as made up of geological 'provinces' which transcend and correlation between different countries in West national boundaries. Africa.
This book furnishes a detailed description of the mineral deposits of metallic, non-metallic, solid energy, gemstones and industrial minerals in Nigeria, West Africa with emphasis on their location, geological setting, mode of occurrence, physical and chemical characteristics, ore reserve estimates and metallogeny. It also provides a geoscientific analysis of the solid mineral sector, mineral production statistics, mining, and potential targets for mineral exploration. There are twenty chapters in the book, divided into five parts: Part 1 (geological setting), Part 2 (metallic minerals), Part 3 (energy minerals), Part 4 (industrial minerals & gemstones), and Part 5 (metallogeny, mining & exploration). This book is an invaluable source of information, not only for geology and mining students, but also for practicing geoscientists, exploration and mining professionals and administrators in government and private companies who are interested or involved in economic geology, mineral exploration, and mineral resource development in Nigeria.
In recent years, several major natural and man-made hazards have challenged scientists, government officials and the public in general: earthquakes, major volcanic and other seismic eruptions in Mount St. Helens, EI Chichon, Mexico city, Nevado del Ruiz, Japan, Italy, Greece, Cameroon and many other places on our globe; Tsunami in the Pacific Ocean and deadly storm surges along the coasts of India, Bangladesh and Japan; Cyclones, floods, thunderstorms, snow storms, tornadoes, drought, desertification and other climatic catastrophes; Amoco-Cadiz oil spill accident (France), Three-Mile Island (U. S. A. ) and Chernobyl (U. S. S. R. ) nuclear accidents, Bhopal chemical accident (India), acid rain (Canada, U. S. A. ) and other technological disasters. Such hazards have snuffed out millions of lives, infli
Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2007 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: A, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, course: Applied Geology - Economic Geology/ Mineral Exploration, language: English, abstract: Barite (BaSO4) mineralization occurs within Pan African fracture systems in the Gombe inlier. Gombe Inlier is a Basement dome within the Gongola Basin (Upper Benue trough in Nigeria) which exposes most of the stratigraphic sequence (Bima Sandstone, Yolde Formation, Pindiga Formation and Gombe Sandstone). Fieldwork was conducted from March 23rd – 29th 2007, 20 minerals and rock samples were taken from the veins and host rocks, and then Geochemical, petrographic and structural analysis were conducted to ascertain the quality of barite, associated minerals, nature of host rock and also the type of chemical as well as structural barriers for the mineralization. The results shows that the principal planar planes hosting mineralizations were found to trend mostly in NE – WSW direction which conforms well in smaller scale with the trend of strike slip faults that faulted the inlier and on a larger scale conforms with the general trend of the Benue trough. The fractures are therefore probably subordinate to the general structural trend of the Benue trough. The main associated mineralization was inferred to be anhydrite (CaSO4) which is also a sulphate like barite. This suggest competition for SO32+ by Ba2+ and Ca2+ but the deeper fractures host barite because Ba2+ originate from mantle and brought up by hydrothermal fluid through fractures while Ca2+ could be a dissolved ion in sea water. The quality of the barite in some veins is well over 70% BaSO4 which is economically viable. Part of barite in some veins were leached and recrystallized into spindle crystals by later hydrothermal fluid with little effect on its chemistry. The petrographic studies also revealed the purity of some barite veins and also indicated the presence of other associated minerals and also indicates the nature of the silica chemical barrier for the sulphate mineralizations.