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The area studied in this paper covers southern Cortes Island, Marina Island, and north-west Hernando Island in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. The paper first reviews the geological setting & physiography of the study area, then presents results of mapping Pleistocene (Wisconsinan) strata exposed in the area. The stratigraphic succession, having maximum thickness of 130 metres, is subdivided into six major units, all recording cyclical, climate-controlled, primarily marine deposition. Established names are used for two widespread formations (Cowichan Head and Quadra Sand) and local names are introduced for newly determined formations. Probable sources of the formation sediments are briefly discussed.
This report details the results of geochronological measurements made on 19 samples from locations in & directly adjacent to the eastern Bella Coola map area of British Columbia. The analytical data were extracted from a large, mostly unpublished data set that includes uranium/lead, potassium/argon, and argon/argon geochronometry for other parts of the Anahim Lake and Mount Waddington map areas. Analytical data, geological ages, and relevant observations for each dated sample are presented in chronological order. The age results provide broad constraints on pluton emplacement, volcanic eruption, and structural & metamorphic relationships in the study area, although these are discussed only in general terms.
The Quilchena fossil site in the Okanagan Highlands of south central British Columbia is a rich repository of Eocene plant, insect, & fish fossils. Reliable age assignment of this site is critical in order to reconstruct the biogeographic, climatic, & evolutionary relationships between the flora & fauna of the Okanagan Highlands and those of other Tertiary sites around the world. Previous radiometric age determinations have been variable and inconclusive. This paper presents new data using uranium-lead dating of zircons from a thick tephra combined with argon-argon dating of sanidine crystals from the same bed. The age determined can be securely ascribed to the Quilchena fossils, since the dated tephra was deposited within the fossil-bearing shale & mudstone sequences.
The mission of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Resources Discipline is to provide the information and understanding needed for wise management of the Nation's water resources. Inherent in this mission is the responsibility of collecting data that accurately describe the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of water systems. These data are used for environmental and resource assessments by the USGS, other government agencies and scientific organizations, and the general public. Reliable and quality-assured data are essential to the credibility and impartiality of the water-resources appraisals carried out by the USGS.
This book presents a systematic analysis of challenges in the field of Geographical Information Systems and Science, geographical analysis, and regional science for Ontario, one of the fastest-changing provinces in Canada and one of North America's largest economic hubs. In nine chapters, the book offers advanced spatial analysis techniques and digital data content to integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as tools to tackle regional and urban challenges. The chapters address the following main topics: 1) state-of-the-art approaches for regional discrepancies, 2) investigations of available methods for advanced spatial analysis, 3) identification of regional patterns and land use dynamics, 4) availability of Web 3.0 data content for regions without standardized data, and 5) the limitations and challenges of urbanization and its impact on landscape, heritage and ecosystems. The volume is divided into four sections dealing with key issues in Ontario, each addressing the use of GIS for crucial regional decision-making. The book will be of interest to researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, planners, regional scientists, and policy makers.