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Rapid growth of geodetic information provided by the Global Positioning System (GPS) and stringent requirements for a precise geoid in ocean areas for ocean circulation models have spurred interest in geoid studies. As a result, the International Geoid Commission was formed to provide a focus for this important geoid research. Determination of the Geoid: Present and Future is the result of the first meeting of the Commission, held at the Instituto di Topografia, Fotogrammetria e Geofisica at the Politecnico di Milano, June 1990. Six major topics are presented: Global Geopotential Models: Present and Future; Role of Topography in Geoid Computations; the Geoid and the Global Positioning System; the State of Computation of National or Regional Geoids; Software and Data Improvements for Geoid Computations; and Recent Developments in the GEOMED (Determination of the Geoid in the Mediterranean) Project.
Recognizing the increasing importance of the role of gravity and the geoid, and con sidering the substantial synergistic effects which result from close cooperation, the International Gravity Commission and the International Geoid Commission, both scientific bodies of the International Association of Geodesy, decided to hold a Joint Meeting under the common topic "Gravity and Geoid" in Graz, Austria, from Sept. 11 - 17, 1994. The earth's gravity field is increasingly attracting the attention of the geosciences for many reasons. As a response of the earth's internal mass distribution, it significantly helps us to understand the structure of the earth and its dynamics. On the other hand, the earth's gravity field controls the orbits of satellites and is of paramount im portance for accurate orbit prediction'. For geodesy the geoid, representing the gravity field, serves as a unique height reference surface. It is the link between satellite-derived positions and useful geodetic coordinates of utmost precision. For oceanography, the offset of the dynamic ocean surface from the geoid is the signal which bears important information about ocean circulation patterns.
The lAG International Symposium on Gravity, Geoid, and Space Missions 2004 (GGSM2004) was lield in the beautiful city of Porto, Portugal, from 30 August to 3 September 2004. This symposium encompassed the themes of Commission 2 (Gravity Field) of the newly structured lAG, as well as interdisciplinary topics related to geoid and gravity modeling, with special attention given to the current and planned gravi- dedicated satellite missions. The symposium also followed in the tradition of mid-term meetings that were held between the quadrennial joint meetings of the International Geoid and Gravity Commissions. The previous mid-term meetings were the International Symposia on Gravity, Geoid, and Marine Geodesy (Tokyo, 1996), and Gravity, Geoid, and Geodynamics (Banff, 2000). GGSM2004 aimed to bring together scientists from different areas in the geosciences, working with gravity and geoid related problems, both from the theoretical and practical points of view. Topics of interest included the integration of heterogeneous data and contributions from satellite and airborne techniques to the study of the spatial and temporal variations of the gravity field. In addition to the special focus on the CHAMP, GRACE, and GOCE satellite missions, attention was also directed toward projects addressing topographic and ice field mapping using SAR, LIDAR, and laser altimetry, as well as missions and studies related to planetary geodesy.
Geodynamics of the Alps consists of three volumes. This third volume is entirely dedicated to Alpine collision. It describes and interprets elements of the Alpine chain, including Alpine magmatism, the formation of external massifs, the foreland basin, the exhumation of the internal part of the chain and the northern deformation front of the Alps. The aim of this book is to create a space for experts on Alpine research to present the state of the art of specific subjects and provide their own interpretations.
G. Beutler's Methods of Celestial Mechanics is a coherent textbook for students as well as an excellent reference for practitioners. The first volume gives a thorough treatment of celestial mechanics and presents all the necessary mathematical details that a professional would need. The reader will appreciate the well-written chapters on numerical solution techniques for ordinary differential equations, as well as that on orbit determination. In the second volume applications to the rotation of earth and moon, to artificial earth satellites and to the planetary system are presented. The author addresses all aspects that are of importance in high-tech applications, such as the detailed gravitational fields of all planets and the earth, the oblateness of the earth, the radiation pressure and the atmospheric drag. The concluding part of this monumental treatise explains and details state-of-the-art professional and thoroughly-tested software for celestial mechanics.
An in-depth description of the theory and mathematical models behind the application of the global positioning system in geodesy and geodynamics. The contributions by leading experts in the field ensure a continuous flow of ideas and developments. The mathematical models for GPS measurements are developed in the first half of the book, and these are followed by GPS solutions for geodetic applications on local, regional and global scales.
These proceedings include the written version of 130 papers presented at the International Association of Geodesy IAG2009 "Geodesy for Planet Earth" Scientific Assembly. It was held 31 August to 4 September 2009 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The theme "Geodesy for Planet Earth" was selected to follow the International Year of Planet Earth 2007-2009 goals of utilizing the knowledge of the world’s geoscientists to improve society for current and future generations. The International Year started in January 2007 and ran thru 2009 which coincided with the IAG2009 Scientific Assembly, one of the largest and most significant meetings of the Geodesy community held every 4 years. The IAG2009 Scientific Assembly was organized into eight Sessions. Four of the Sessions of IAG2009 were based on the IAG Structure (i.e. one per Commission) and covered Reference Frames, Gravity Field, Earth Rotation and Geodynamics, and Positioning and Applications. Since IAG2009 was taking place in the great Argentine city of Buenos Aires, a Session was devoted to the Geodesy of Latin America. A Session dedicated to the IAG’s Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), the primary observing system focused on the multidisciplinary research being done in Geodesy that contributes to important societal issues such as monitoring global climate change and the environment. A Session on the IAG Services was also part of the Assembly detailing the important role they play in providing geodetic data, products, and analysis to the scientific community. A final Session devoted to the organizations ION, FIG, and ISPRS and their significant work in navigation and earth observation that complements the IAG.
IAG Scientific Assembly, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, September, 3-9, 1997