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Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms while plant breeding is the art and science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. The fundamental discoveries of Darwin and Mendel established the scientific basis for plant breeding and genetics at the turn of the 20th century. Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still a primary principle of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. The recent integration of advances in biotechnology, genomic research, and molecular marker applications with conventional plant breeding practices has created the foundation for molecular plant breeding. The present book entitled "Key notes on Genetics and Plant Breeding" has been designed to provide a simple umbrella for the multidisciplinary field of modern plant breeding that combines molecular tools and methodologies with conventional approaches for crop improvement. The topics mainly covered includes general genetics, genome organization of crop plants, cytogenetics of crop plants, reproduction and pollination methods, plant breeding methods, population and quantitative genetics principles, biometrical genetics, plant breeding for stress resistance and nutrional quality, genetic engineering and biotechnological tools in plant breeding, plant genetic resources and their regulatory system, seed- classes and certification, economic botany and medicinal plants and Statistical methods and field plot techniques. Hope this volume would be useful for graduate and post graduate students of Agriculture and Biology in all Indian Universities. This will also be useful for those appearing in Competitive examinations such as Agricultural Research Services of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, National Eligibility Test, Civil Services Examination and other allied examinations.
The study of genes, variation and heredity explored under the fields of genetics and genomics has wide applications in crop science. Crop breeding is used for improving the quality of food for humans and animals. It is accomplished using techniques of classical plant breeding and complex molecular techniques. New varieties of crops that are more productive, have higher climatic adaptability and disease resistance are being developed to optimize agricultural productivity. Modern biotechnological tools of marker-assisted selection, double haploids, reverse breeding and genetic modification are evolving methodologies of crop breeding. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the science of crop breeding, especially from the perspective of genetic and genomic studies. Multiple approaches, evaluations and methodologies have been included in this book to cover the recent advances in this field. It will be beneficial to experts and students seeking detailed information in this domain.
The Book Has Been Carefully Planned For The Requirement Of Students Of Botany Or Agricultural Botany And Also To The Plant Breeders. The Book Covers Ugc Syllabus In A Detailed Manner. The First Part Of The Book Deals With Genetics, Starting With Mendelian Experiments And Principles. The Subsequent Chapters Like Multiple Allelism, Multiple Factor Hypothesis, Linkage, Sex Chromosomes, Maternal Influence, Alterations In Genetic Make Up, Types Of Plant Reproduction, Methods Of Plant Improvement, Mutations, Laboratory Exercises Have Been Dealt In Details.The Second Part Starts Simply With Plant Breeding Concepts Of Ideotype And Gradually Advances To Genotype X Environment Interaction, Stress And Drought Conditions And Various Problems In The Breeding Strategy In Later Chapters. The Book Also Deals With Fundamental Study Like Plant Genetic Resources And Inter Specific Crosses Including Evolution Of Polyploid Crops. With The Advancement Of Science, The Book Also Deals Further With Somaclonal Variation, Genetic Manipulation, Gene Transfers And Also Nucleic Acid Hybridization. The Rflp Technique Is Gaining Importance Now-A-Days And Hence A Detailed Account Has Been Given In The Last Chapter.
Recent advances in plant genomics and molecular biology have revolutionized our understanding of plant genetics, providing new opportunities for more efficient and controllable plant breeding. Successful techniques require a solid understanding of the underlying molecular biology as well as experience in applied plant breeding. Bridging the gap between developments in biotechnology and its applications in plant improvement, Molecular Plant Breeding provides an integrative overview of issues from basic theories to their applications to crop improvement including molecular marker technology, gene mapping, genetic transformation, quantitative genetics, and breeding methodology.
This book offers a detailed overview of both conventional and modern approaches to plant breeding. In 25 chapters, it explores various aspects of conventional and modern means of plant breeding, including: history, objective, activities, centres of origin, plant introduction, reproduction, incompatibility, sterility, biometrics, selection, hybridization, methods of breeding both self- and cross- pollinated crops, heterosis, synthetic varieties, induced mutations and polyploidy, distant hybridization, quality breeding, ideotype breeding, resistance breeding, breeding for stress resistance, G x E interactions, tissue culture, genetic engineering, molecular breeding, genomics, gene action and varietal release. The book’s content addresses the needs of students worldwide. Modern methods like molecular breeding and genomics are dealt with extensively so as to provide a firm foundation and equip readers to read further advanced books. Each chapter discusses the respective subject as comprehensively as possible, and includes a section on further reading at the end. Info-boxes highlight the latest advances, and care has been taken to include nearly all topics required under the curricula of MS programs. As such, the book provides a much-needed reference guide for MS students around the globe.
Plants have been successfully selectively bred for thousands of years, culminating in incredible yields, quality, resistance and so on that we see in our modern day crops and ornamental plants. In recent years the techniques used have been rapidly advanced and refined to include molecular, cell and genetic techniques. An Introduction to Plant Breeding provides comprehensive coverage of the whole area of plant breeding. Covering modes of reproduction in plants, breeding objectives and schemes, genetics, predictions, selection, alternative techniques and practical considerations. Each chapter is carefully laid out in a student friendly way and includes questions for the reader. The book is essential reading for all those studying, teaching and researching plant breeding.
Our lives and well being intimately depend on the exploitation of the plant genetic resources available to our breeding programs. Therefore, more extensive exploration and effective exploitation of plant genetic resources are essential prerequisites for the release of improved cultivars. Accordingly, the remarkable progress in genomics approaches and more recently in sequencing and bioinformatics offers unprecedented opportunities for mining germplasm collections, mapping and cloning loci of interest, identifying novel alleles and deploying them for breeding purposes. This book collects 48 highly interdisciplinary articles describing how genomics improves our capacity to characterize and harness natural and artificially induced variation in order to boost crop productivity and provide consumers with high-quality food. This book will be an invaluable reference for all those interested in managing, mining and harnessing the genetic richness of plant genetic resources.
The revised edition of the bestselling textbook, covering both classical and molecular plant breeding Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding integrates theory and practice to provide an insightful examination of the fundamental principles and advanced techniques of modern plant breeding. Combining both classical and molecular tools, this comprehensive textbook describes the multidisciplinary strategies used to produce new varieties of crops and plants, particularly in response to the increasing demands to of growing populations. Illustrated chapters cover a wide range of topics, including plant reproductive systems, germplasm for breeding, molecular breeding, the common objectives of plant breeders, marketing and societal issues, and more. Now in its third edition, this essential textbook contains extensively revised content that reflects recent advances and current practices. Substantial updates have been made to its molecular genetics and breeding sections, including discussions of new breeding techniques such as zinc finger nuclease, oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis, RNA-dependent DNA methylation, reverse breeding, genome editing, and others. A new table enables efficient comparison of an expanded list of molecular markers, including Allozyme, RFLPs, RAPD, SSR, ISSR, DAMD, AFLP, SNPs and ESTs. Also, new and updated “Industry Highlights” sections provide examples of the practical application of plant breeding methods to real-world problems. This new edition: Organizes topics to reflect the stages of an actual breeding project Incorporates the most recent technologies in the field, such as CRSPR genome edition and grafting on GM stock Includes numerous illustrations and end-of-chapter self-assessment questions, key references, suggested readings, and links to relevant websites Features a companion website containing additional artwork and instructor resources Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding offers researchers and professionals an invaluable resource and remains the ideal textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduates in plant science, particularly those studying plant breeding, biotechnology, and genetics.