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Quantum calculus is the modern name for the investigation of calculus without limits. The quantum calculus or q-calculus began with FH Jackson in the early twentieth century, but this kind of calculus had already been worked out by Euler and Jacobi. Recently, it arose interest due to high demand of mathematics that model quantum computing. The q-calculus appeared as a connection between mathematics and physics. It has a lot of applications in different mathematical areas such as number theory, combinatorics, orthogonal polynomials, basic hypergeometric functions and other sciences quantum theory, mechanics, and the theory of relativity. Recently, the concept of general quantum difference operators that generalize the quantum calculus are defined. This book is specially designed for those who wish to understand general quantum variational calculus. This book encompasses recent developments of general quantum variational calculus. The text material of this book is presented in highly readable, mathematically solid format. Many practical problems are illustrated displaying a wide variety of solution techniques. This book is addressed to a wide audience of specialists such as mathematicians, physicists, engineers and biologists. It can be used as a textbook at the graduate level and as a reference book for several disciplines
This Brief puts together two subjects, quantum and variational calculi by considering variational problems involving Hahn quantum operators. The main advantage of its results is that they are able to deal with nondifferentiable (even discontinuous) functions, which are important in applications. Possible applications in economics are discussed. Economists model time as continuous or discrete. Although individual economic decisions are generally made at discrete time intervals, they may well be less than perfectly synchronized in ways discrete models postulate. On the other hand, the usual assumption that economic activity takes place continuously, is nothing else than a convenient abstraction that in many applications is far from reality. The Hahn quantum calculus helps to bridge the gap between the two families of models: continuous and discrete. Quantum Variational Calculus is self-contained and unified in presentation. It provides an opportunity for an introduction to the quantum calculus of variations for experienced researchers but may be used as an advanced textbook by graduate students and even ambitious undergraduates as well. The explanations in the book are detailed to capture the interest of the curious reader, and complete to provide the necessary background material needed to go further into the subject and explore the rich research literature, motivating further research activity in the area.
Presents a rigorous study on manifolds in Rn. Develops in details important standard topics on advanced calculus, such as the differential forms in surfaces in Rn. Presents a proposal to connect classical and quantum mechanics. Presents variational formulations for relativistic mechanics through semi-Riemannian geometry and differential geometry. Develops a rigorous study on causal structures in space-time manifolds.
DIVHistorical, theoretical survey with many insights, much hard-to-find material. Hamilton’s principle, Hamilton-Jacobi equation, etc. /div
This book is focused on the qualitative theory of general quantum calculus, the modern name for the investigation of calculus without limits. It centers on designing, analysing and applying computational techniques for general quantum differential equations. The quantum calculus or q-calculus began with F.H. Jackson in the early twentieth century, but this kind of calculus had already been worked out by Euler and Jacobi. Recently, it has aroused interest due to high demand of mathematics that models quantum computing and the connection between mathematics and physics. Quantum calculus has many applications in different mathematical areas such as number theory, combinatorics, orthogonal polynomials, basic hyper-geometric functions and other sciences such as quantum theory, mechanics and the theory of relativity. The authors summarize the most recent contributions in this area. General Quantum Numerical Analysis is intended for senior undergraduate students and beginning graduate students of engineering and science courses. The twelve chapters in this book are pedagogically organized, each concluding with a section of practical problems.
This volume presents a broad discussion of computational methods and theories on various classical and modern research problems from pure and applied mathematics. Readers conducting research in mathematics, engineering, physics, and economics will benefit from the diversity of topics covered. Contributions from an international community treat the following subjects: calculus of variations, optimization theory, operations research, game theory, differential equations, functional analysis, operator theory, approximation theory, numerical analysis, asymptotic analysis, and engineering. Specific topics include algorithms for difference of monotone operators, variational inequalities in semi-inner product spaces, function variation principles and normed minimizers, equilibria of parametrized N-player nonlinear games, multi-symplectic numerical schemes for differential equations, time-delay multi-agent systems, computational methods in non-linear design of experiments, unsupervised stochastic learning, asymptotic statistical results, global-local transformation, scattering relations of elastic waves, generalized Ostrowski and trapezoid type rules, numerical approximation, Szász Durrmeyer operators and approximation, integral inequalities, behaviour of the solutions of functional equations, functional inequalities in complex Banach spaces, functional contractions in metric spaces.
Variational principles have proven to be surprisingly fertile. For example, Fermat used variational methods to demonstrate that light follows the fastest route from one point to another, an idea which came to be a cornerstone of geometrical optics. This book explains variational principles and charts their use throughout modern physics. It examines the analytical mechanics of Lagrange and Hamilton, the basic tools of any physicist. The book also offers simple but rich first impressions of Einstein’s General Relativity, Feynman’s Quantum Mechanics, and more that reveal amazing interconnections between various fields of physics.
Describes the relation between classical and quantum mechanics. This book contains a discussion of problems related to group representation theory and to scattering theory. It intends to give a mathematically oriented student the opportunity to grasp the main points of quantum theory in a mathematical framework.
Elements of the theory -- Further generalizations -- The general variation of a functional -- The canonical form of the euler equations and related topics -- The second variation : sufficient conditions for a weak extremum -- Fields : sufficient conditions for a strong extremum -- Variational problems involving multiple integrals -- Direct methods in the calculus of variations -- Appendix I. Propagation of disturbances and the canonical equations -- Appendix II. Variational methods in problems of optimal control.
Have you ever wondered why the language of modern physics centres on geometry? Or how quantum operators and Dirac brackets work? What a convolution really is? What tensors are all about? Or what field theory and lagrangians are, and why gravity is described as curvature? This book takes you on a tour of the main ideas forming the language of modern mathematical physics. Here you will meet novel approaches to concepts such as determinants and geometry, wave function evolution, statistics, signal processing, and three-dimensional rotations. You will see how the accelerated frames of special relativity tell us about gravity. On the journey, you will discover how tensor notation relates to vector calculus, how differential geometry is built on intuitive concepts, and how variational calculus leads to field theory. You will meet quantum measurement theory, along with Green functions and the art of complex integration, and finally general relativity and cosmology. The book takes a fresh approach to tensor analysis built solely on the metric and vectors, with no need for one-forms. This gives a much more geometrical and intuitive insight into vector and tensor calculus, together with general relativity, than do traditional, more abstract methods. Don Koks is a physicist at the Defence Science and Technology Organisation in Adelaide, Australia. His doctorate in quantum cosmology was obtained from the Department of Physics and Mathematical Physics at Adelaide University. Prior work at the University of Auckland specialised in applied accelerator physics, along with pure and applied mathematics.