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Leading clinical and basic science researchers present the latest molecular and cellular findings on key gut peptides, illuminating their physiology and pathophysiology, as well as highlighting the regulatory mechanisms underlying their action in the intestinal tract. The book focuses on gut peptide physiology and receptor pharmacology, gut processing and receptor biology, and on regulatory mechanisms in the gut, including pancreatic feedback mechanisms. Also included are chapters on the trophic effects of gut peptides on GI and pancreatic cancer; the regulation of gut peptide gene expression; and gastric secretion, especially in diseased states.
Gastrointestinal Endocrinology: Receptors and Post-Receptor Mechanisms provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of receptors and post-receptor mechanisms. This book discusses a variety of topics, including normal and neoplastic growth, molecular biology and genetics, and actions of gut hormones and their clinical importance. Organized into 37 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the initial step in the interaction of a gastrointestinal peptide with its target cell. This text then examines the concept that the receptor proteins are a major control mechanism by which a cell engineers the effects of a hormone. Other chapters consider the epidermal growth factor (EGF), which is a heat-stable polypeptide that exerts both short- and long-term regulatory effects on various cellular processes. This book discusses as well the developments in the ability to measure the concentration of ionized calcium in cells. The final chapter deals with the hormonal mechanisms in gallbladder motility. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists.
The gut not only represents the largest endocrine organ of the human body but is also profoundly involved in the control of metabolism through peptide hormones. Therefore, gastrointestinal hormones are acting via autocrine, paracrine, and classical endocrine pathways and regulate e.g. digestion, hunger, and satiety. Furthermore, they are important regulators of body weight, growth, and glucose metabolism, as well as of mood and behavior. Physicians and scientists in the field of pediatric endocrinology and diabetes, as well as in pediatric gastroenterology, require an extensive understanding of the origin of enteroendocrine cells, factors controlling their differentiation, hormone gene expression, secretion, function and, finally, the complex interaction with other organs, especially the central nervous system. In order to meet these needs, experts in the field have written up-to-date, comprehensive, and illustrated reviews presenting the current knowledge in the field of gastrointestinal endocrinology with a pediatric view. Those reviews comprise this latest volume of Endocrine Development.
This important new book presents critical information on the clinical and morphological aspects of various endocrinological disorders of the gut and pancreas. Topics include a historical perspective and broad overview of the neuroendocrine component of the gut; hyperplastic proliferations of gastrointestinal endocrine cells; pancreatic endocrine cells and their non-neoplastic proliferations; tumors and lesions; and endocrine differentiation in nonendocrine tumors. The book stresses clinical and pathological aspects of these topics, as well as the pathogenesis, clinicopathological correlations, and diagnostic approaches. Gastroenterologists, pathologists, internists, surgeons, endocrinologists and others interested in endocrinological disorders of the gut and pancreas will discover that this book will be a welcome addition to your reference library.
The discovery that the same or similar peptides are present in endocrine cells and in neurons is one of the most exciting and provocative recent developments in biology. Suddenly neurophysiologists and endocrinologists have found that they have a great deal to discuss with each other. Substances originally isolated as hypothalamic hormones turn out to be abundantly present in neurons of other parts of the brain and in endocrine cells and neurons of the gut and pancreas. Similarly, substances originally isolated as gut hormones are found not only in gut endocrine cells but also in gut neurons and in brain neurons. It turns out that the group of peptides that we are accustomed to call gastrointestinal hormones are not all confined to the gastrointestinal tract and are not all solely hormones. We are learning that the chemical transmitters of the neurocrine, endocrine, and paracrine systems form a single group of related substances. This volume contains the latest installments in this fascinating story. It tells how these pep tides were isolated and their amino acid sequences determined, how the heterogeneity of most, perhaps all, of these peptides is being revealed as variant forms of them are discovered, how antibodies to these peptides are used as powerful tools to measure their concentrations in body fluids and to localize the cells in which they are synthesized and stored, and, finally, how the role of these substances in normal physiology and in pathological states is being unraveled.
This two-part issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America provides the endocrinologist with comprehensive essential updates about tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system. Topics covered include the history and development of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine axis; the changing face and epidemiology of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs); chromogranins current state of the art, pathology of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) disorders; new and emerging syndromes related to gastrointestinal (GI) hormones; an update on incretins; prospects for ghrelin in the clinic, obesity/appetite and hedonism; GI motility disorders; gastric bypass and GI hormones; pancreatic exocrine function and GI hormones; harnessing the pancreatic stem cell; how to diagnose NETs before there are METs; NETs in kids: combining the SEER data for children and adults with site differences; novel biomarkers for NETs; standard imaging techniques for NETs; novel peptide imaging: glucagon receptor; signaling mechanism in NETs as targets for therapy; update on clinical trials; nutrition and the GEP; peptide radiotherapy; in vitro analysis of NETs: the role of angiogenesis; modern lab evaluation of peptide and amines: a continuing role for radioimmunoassay?; surgery/surgical management of NETs; and evaluation and quality of life in NETs patients.
Increasing knowledge of the interaction of the endocrine system and the gastrointestinal tract leads to improved insight into the mutual control of the GI and endocrine functions, as well as in the aetiology and pathogenesis of various diseases and into new therapeutic approaches. This book, the proceedings of the 177th Falk Symposim held in Freiburg, Germany, 12-14 June, 1994, presents a unified view of clinical and basic research, especially neurophysiology, neuroendocrinology, behavioural sciences, morphology, pharmacology, gastrointestinal and endocrine physiology and pathophysiology, surgery, gastroenterology and endocrinology. Current knowledge is discussed, communication between separate disciplines assisted, and new research suggested.
An ideal clinical handbook for medical professionals that regularly treat patients with diabetes and comorbid gastrointestinal complications. The concise format provides evidence-based content with a targeted emphasis on diagnosis, as up to 75% of patients visiting diabetes clinics report significant gastrointestinal symptoms. Includes guidelines for complication prevention, treatment, and long-term disease management.