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Over the past few years, devastating tsunamis off the coast of the Indian Ocean have killed hundreds of thousands of people. Even more alarmingly, scientists predict that these tsunamis, as well as a series of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, may eventually threaten Hawaii, California, and Oregon. The cause of this trinity of natural disasters is plate tectonics. Perhaps the greatest advance made in the field of earth science, the plate-tectonics theory argues that the surface of the Earth is broken into large plates, which change in size and position over time. The edges of these plates rub against each other, causing earthquakes, volca­noes, and tsunamis that continue to inflict such intense destruction to the surface our planet. In Furnace of Creation, Cradle of Destruction, renowned scientist Roy Chester reveals the fascinating history of this discovery and tells the enigmatic story of one of the great mysteries of our time: how the surface of our planet was created and how it has evolved. From the early discoveries of Sir Francis Bacon to the begin­nings of geology and the controversy surrounding the theory of conti­nental drift, this impeccably researched book reveals the evolution of a vital scientific theory. Lucid and compelling, this book offers a long-awaited explanation of the underlying forces that shape our world.
This book provides a holistic consideration of climate change that goes beyond pure science, fleshing out the discussion by considering cultural, historical, and policy-driven aspects of this important issue. Climate change is a controversial topic that promises to reframe rudimentary ideas about our world and how we will live in it. The articles in Climate Change: An Encyclopedia of Science and History are designed to inform readers' decision making through the insight of scholars from around the world, each of whom brings a unique approach to this topic. The work goes beyond pure science to consider other important factors, weighing the cultural, historical, and policy-driven contributors to this issue. In addition, the book explores the ideas that have converged and evolved in order to clarify our current predicament. By considering climate change in this holistic fashion, this reference collection will prepare readers to consider the issue from every angle. Each article in the work is suitable for general readers, particularly students in high school and college, and is intended to inform and educate anyone about climate change, providing valuable information regarding the stages of mitigation and adaptation that are occurring all around us.
The devastation wrought by earthquakes and volcanoes often obscures the fact that these destructive forces are also some of the most creative on the planet birthing mountains and other land forms. With detailed diagrams outlining the structure of continental and oceanic crust and the distribution of major plate motion, this book introduces readers to the range of activity that can shape or decimate an entire region. Descriptions of famous earthquakes and volcanoes help contextualize the staggering power of the Earth’s motion.
This book tells the story of a war unlike any other in history, fought between a nation that believed itself to be invincible, even when its strength was being systematically destroyed by the greatest industrial power in the world. ??Prior to the middle of the nineteenth century, the Empire of Japan was content to remain in medieval isolation and, apart from very limited trading concessions, was unwilling to extend her contacts with the western world. This was all to change however, as Japan hurtled forwards into the twentieth century, armed and determined to carve out a new identity characterised by a dominating spirit. Dejected by the Great Depression of the early 1930s, they were a nation grown from moderate to militant.??Following the pivotal and devastating attack on Pearl Harbour in 1941, the Japanese Army were emboldened. Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore, Burma, the Philippines and the Dutch East Indies were all overrun with deceptive ease, leading the army to become dangerously confident in their ability. Subsequently named 'The Victory Disease', the author argues that it was this arrogant complacency that led to the army's ultimate downfall. Each episode of note in the history of the Japanese military forces is relayed, as the author dissects, analyses and endeavours to explain the root causes and pivotal decisions that led to defeat.??As seen in the Ormskirk Champion and Ormskirk & Skelmersdale Advertiser
Marine Geochemistry offers a fully comprehensive and integrated treatment of the chemistry of the oceans, their sediments and biota. The first edition of the book received strong critical acclaim and was described as ‘a standard text for years to come.’ This third edition of Marine Geochemistry has been written at a time when the role of the oceans in the Earth System is becoming increasingly apparent. Following the successful format adopted previously, this new edition treats the oceans as a unified entity, and addresses the question ‘how do the oceans work as a chemical system?’ To address this question, the text has been updated to cover recent advances in our understanding of topics such as the carbon chemistry of the oceans, nutrient cycling and its effect on marine chemistry, the acidification of sea water, and the role of the oceans in climate change. In addition, the importance of shelf seas in oceanic cycles has been re-evaluated in the light of new research. Marine Geochemistry offers both undergraduate and graduate students and research workers an integrated approach to one of the most important reservoirs in the Earth System. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/chester/marinegeochemistry.
The effects of tectonic processes on archaeological sites are evidenced by earthquake damage, volcanic eruptions, and tsunami destruction, but these processes also affect a broader sphere of landform structures, environment, and climate. An overview of tectonic archaeology is followed by a detailed summary of geoarchaeological fieldwork in Japan.
Some of the planet’s most destructive forces—including earthquakes and volcanic activity—are caused by the same factors that helped shape much of the Earth as it is today. Plate tectonics, or movement of the Earth’s outer layers, can occur in a number of different ways and produce a range of results, some minor and others far more considerable or devastating. Distinct maps, interesting sidebars, and annotated illustrations of the Earth’s layers are included in this volume, which details the motion of the planet and the nature and study of both earthquakes and volcanoes.
This book could save your life! The No-Nonsense Guide To Earthquake Safety (Enhanced Edition) is re-edited edition of the original guide designed to provide a comprehensive source for the latest research related to earthquake safety. Now in a larger size, re-edited, and additional appendices, the subjects covered include: a basic survey-level understanding of earthquakes; addressing long-held earthquake myths; how to be proactive in preparing for an earthquake; advice by government and professionals in the geological sciences on the best courses of action during an earthquake; the best shelter/courses of action during an earthquake; and how to remain safe after an earthquake has occurred. The Enhanced Edition also contains updated appendices that include a listing of government and charitable resources (for those affected by earthquakes), and the latest research regarding animal behavior & earthquakes, as well as the latest advancements toward creating earthquake detection systems.
Quantum Scientific Publishing (QSP) is committed to providing publisher-quality, low-cost Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) content to teachers, students, and parents around the world. This book is the fourth of four volumes in Biology, containing lessons 136 - 180. Volume I: Lessons 1 - 45 Volume II: Lessons 46 - 90 Volume III: Lessons 91 - 135 Volume IV: Lessons 136 - 180 This title is part of the QSP Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Textbook Series.