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In its 19th edition, the book continues to provide a comprehensive coverage on the basic principles of plant physiology. It focuses on the concepts of plant physiological form & functions as well as processes in crop production. Besides fulfilling the needs of undergraduate students, this book will be useful to postgraduate students and also to those appearing in various competitive examinations.
A condensed version of the best-selling Plant Physiology and Development, this fundamentals version is intended for courses that focus on plant physiology with little or no coverage of development. Concise yet comprehensive, this is a distillation of the most important principles and empiricalfindings of plant physiology.
This textbook is second edition of popular textbook of plant physiology and metabolism. The first edition of this book gained noteworthy acceptance (more than 4.9 Million downloads) among graduate and masters level students and faculty world over, with many Universities recommending it as a preferred reading in their syllabi. The second edition provides up to date and latest information on all the topics covered while also including the basic concepts. The text is supported with clear, easy to understand Figures, Tables, Box items, summaries, perspectives, thought-provoking multiple-choice questions, latest references for further reading, glossary and a detailed subject index. Authors have also added a number of key concepts, discoveries in the form of boxed- items in each chapter. Plant physiology deals with understanding the various processes, functioning, growth, development and survival of plants in normal and stressful conditions. The study involves analysis of the above-stated processes at molecular, sub-cellular, cellular, tissue and plant level in relation with its surrounding environment. Plant physiology is an experimental science, and its concepts are very rapidly changing through applications from chemical biology, cytochemical, fluorometric, biochemical and molecular techniques, and metabolomic and proteomic analysis. Consequently, this branch of modern plant biology has experienced significant generation of new information in most areas. The newer concepts so derived are being also rapidly put into applications in crop physiology. Novel molecules, such nanourea, nitric oxide, gaseous signalling molecules like hydrogen sulphide, are rapidly finding significant applications among crop plants. This textbook, therefore, brings forth an inclusive coverage of the field contained in 35 chapters, divided into five major units. It serves as essential reading material for post-graduate and undergraduate students of botany, plant sciences, plant physiology, agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. This textbook is also of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, and policymakers.
"Physiology," which is the study of the function of cells, organs, and organisms, derives from the Latin physiologia, which in turn comes from the Greek physi- or physio-, a prefix meaning natural, and logos, meaning reason or thought. Thus physiology suggests natural science and is now a branch of biology dealing with processes and activities that are characteristic of living things. "Physicochemical" relates to physical and chemical properties, and "Environmental" refers to topics such as solar irradiation and wind. "Plant" indicates the main focus of this book, but the approach, equations developed, and appendices apply equalIy welI to animaIs and other organisms. We wilI specificalIy consider water relations, solute transport, photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration, and environmental interactions. A physiologist endeavors to understand such topics in physical and chemical terms; accurate models can then be constructed and responses to the internal and the external environment can be predicted. Elementary chemistry, physics, and mathematics are used to develop concepts that are key to under-standing biology -the intent is to provide a rigorous development, not a compendium of facts. References provide further details, although in some cases the enunciated principIes carry the reader to the forefront of current research. Calculations are used to indicate the physiological consequences of the various equations, and problems at the end of chapters provide further such exercises. Solutions to alI of the problems are provided, and the appendixes have a large tist of values for constants and conversion factors at various temperatures.
In recent years, molecular biology has infiltrated into all branches of botany. This is particularly true of plant physiology. This book attempts to provide an introduction to the metabolic and developmental physiology of higher plants from a molecular biological point of view. Starting from the heterocatalytic function of DNA the first ten chapters deal with metabolism; development is presented in the last nine, starting from the autocatalytic functions of DNA and including certain topics oriented more toward metabolic physiology. Both fields of plant physiology are so closely linked that an in tegrated presen tation of this kind seemed not only possible but desirable. In contrast to other accounts, an attempt has been made to give equal weight to metabolism and development. In particular, the so-called "sec ondary" plant materials, which are of considerable interest to the phar macist, the nutrition technologist, the plant breeder, and the agriculturalist, as well as to the biologist, are treated sufficiently. It is ob vious that the wealth of material made an illustrative style of presentation necessary. The book is intended for beginners, and so it has had, in part, to be simplified. Even so it has not been possible to write it without mentioning hypotheses that anticipate much more research. The beginner ought also to learn how working hypotheses are first postulated on the basis of cer tain facts and then must either be proved or refuted.
"Plant Physiology, Fifth Edition continues to set the standard for textbooks in the field, making plant physiology accessible to virtually every student. Authors Lincoln Taiz and Eduardo Zeiger have again collaborated with a stellar group of contributing plant biologists to produce a current and authoritative volume that incorporates all the latest findings. Changes for the new edition include: A newly updated chapter (Chapter 1) on Plant Cells, including new information on the endomembrane system, the cytoskeleton, and the cell cycle, A new chapter (Chapter 2) on Genome Structure and Gene Expression, A new chapter (Chapter 14) on Signal Transduction. Updates on recent developments in the light reactions and the biochemistry of photosynthesis, respiration, ion transport, and water relations. In the phytochrome, blue-light, hormone and development chapters, new information about signaling pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and agricultural applications. Coverage of recent breakthroughs on the control of flowering. Three new Appendices on Concepts of Bioenergetics, Plant Kinematics, and Hormone Biosynthetic Pathways As with prior editions, the Fifth Edition is accompanied by a robust Companion Website. New material has been added here as well, including new Web Topics and Web Essays."--P. 4 de la couv.
Plant Physiology and Development incorporates the latest advances in plant biology, making Plant Physiology the most authoritative and widely used upper-division plant biology textbook. Up to date, comprehensive, and meticulously illustrated, the improved integration of developmental material throughout the text ensures that Plant Physiology and Development provides the best educational foundation possible for the next generation of plant biologists. This new, updated edition includes current information to improve understanding while maintaining the core structure of the book. Figures have been revised and simplified wherever possible. To eliminate redundancy, stomatal function (Chapter 10 in the previous edition) has been reassigned to other chapters. In addition, a series of feature boxes related to climate change are also included in this edition. An enhanced ebook with embedded self-assessment, Web Topics and Web Essays and Study Questions is available with this edition.
Cells, tissues, and organs: the architecture of plants; The plant cell building blocks: lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates; Lipids are a class of molecules that includes fats, oils, sterols, and pigments; Proteins playa central role in the biochemistry of cells and are responsible for virtually all the properties of life as we know it; Carbohydrates are the most abundant class of biological molecules; Biological membranes; The membrane lipid forms a bilayer, a highly fluid but very stable structure; Membranes contain significantamounts of protein; Cellular organelles; Most mature plant cells contain a large, central vacuole; The nucleus is the information center of the cell; The endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus are centers of membrane biosynthesis and secretory activities; The mitochondrion is the principal site of cellular respiration; Plastids are a family of organelles with a variety of functions; Microbodies are metabolically very active; Cytoskeleton the extracellular matrix; The primary cell wall is a flexible n etwork of cellulose microfibrils and cross-linking glycans; The cellulose-glycan lattice is embedded in a matrix of pectin and protein; Cellulose microfibrils are assembled at the plasma membrane as they are extruded into the cell wall; The secondary cell wall is deposited on the inside of the primary wall in maturing cells; Plasmadesmata are cytoplasmic channels extend through the wall to connect the protoplasts of adjacent cells; Tissues and organs; Tissues are groups of cells that form organized, functional unit; Meristems are regions of perpetually dividing cells; Parenchyma is the most abundant living tissue in plants; Supporting tissues are distributed throughout the primary and secondary plant bodies; Vascular tissues are the principal conducting tissues for water and nutrients ; Epidermis is a superficial tissue that f orms a continuous layer over the surface of the primary; Plant body; Plant organs; Roots anchor the plant and absorb water and minerais from the soil.
Techniques related to various physiological phenomenon are subject of tremendous interest and importance to plant physiologist, agronomist, horticulturist, ecologist, and biochemists. This book is intended to provide recognized methods related various plant processes in a comprehensive form. Techniques on crop physiology such as hydroponics and plant nutrition, test for various stresses, water potential and water flow in plants, canopy gas measurements (Photosynthesis, Respiration and Transpiration), basic equations for growth studies and methods for estimations of plant products, microclimate. Efforts were also made to incorporate the topic like Climate Change and theory of phytotron as well as rhizotron in this book. The book will make the reader familiar with latest procedure to elucidate the problems. The validity of the results based on fundamentals principles of physics. This book is meant to be used in conjunction with a standard text of plant physiology though elementary principles relating to the techniques are briefed. The subjects on hormones, tissue culture and seed technology are useful for students. Hope this book shall serve the need of students, teachers and researchers.