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Between 4-7 September 1979, an international workshop on Appropriate Technology (AT) was organized in Delft, Netherlands, by the Center for Appropriate Technology of the Delft University of Technology. Representatives of 24 AT organisations from allover the world held discussions on the role of AT as a factor in development. There were two main objectives of the workshop - to enlarge the understanding of, and knowledge about the processes and conditions essential for the introduction of AT in regional deve lopment programs. This was formally referred to as 'the implementation of the results of AT research'. -secondly, an evaluation of the theories and models which have been applied for the establishment of these regional development programs. This was formally referred to as 'an inventory of AT concepts.' The workshop discussions focussed essentially on three issue areas: technology and development, organisational framework, and education and research. A summary of the conclusions and recommendatjons made by the workshop can be found in Chapter One of this report of the proceedings. All participants were invited, prior to the workshop, to outline their ideas on the subjects listed above, in position papers. Condensed versions of these papers are presented in Chapter Three.
Towards Global Action for Appropriate Technology evaluates the feasibility of establishing and implementing an international mechanism for the promotion of appropriate technology. A strategy of reorienting research and development towards the rural and small-scale urban sectors is proposed, with emphasis on ultimately building national technological capacity in developing countries. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with an overview of concepts, definitions, and strategies, followed by a discussion on some relatively unfamiliar criteria that should be taken into account in guiding the selection of appropriate technologies, including cost and risk involved. The following chapters focus on the links between the concepts of appropriate technology and the basic needs approach to development; institutional capacity at the national and international levels; and the activities of the United Nations with regard to appropriate technology. The final chapter presents a blueprint for global action for the promotion of appropriate technology, with particular reference to small-scale capital-saving technologies that are accessible to the poor and are essential for the creation of productive employment on a sufficient scale. This monograph will be of interest to social and economic policymakers.
This book attempts to provide a theoretical framework for answering difficult questions evoked by the concept of technology choice primarily by conducting a review of the Appropriate Technology movement and its ideas and experiments.
ILO pub-WEP pub. Monograph on the appropriate choice of technology to satisfy basic needs in the economic development of developing countries - proposes use of local level technology rather than technology transfer, discusses the role of research and development, extension services, etc., and refers to the need for education and training of technicians and trainers, and to the role of ILO, etc., and includes a directory of development centres dealing mainly with small-scale and rural area technologies. References.
1. Entrepreneurship—Meaning, Concept and Forms, 2. Entrepreneurship—Meaning, Theories and Role of Socio- Economic Environment, 3. Meaning and Definition of Leadership, 4. Promotion of a Venture and Opportunity Analysis, 5. External Environment Analysis, 6. Concept of a Project and Legal Requirements for Establishing a New Unit, 7. Sources of Raising Funds, 8. Venture Capital, 9. Entrepreneurial Behaviour : Meaning and Concept, 10. Innovation and Entrepreneur, 11. Entrepreneur Development Programmes, 12. Critical Evaluation of Entrepreneur Development Programmes, 13. Role of Entrepreneur in Economic Growth as an Innovator and in Generation of Employment Opportunities, 14. Role of Entrepreneur in Balanced Economic Development, 15. Export Promotion and Import Substitution, 16. Augmenting and Meeting Local Demand and Forex Earnings, 17. Small Scale Industry : Role and Performance.
An excellent book for commerce students appearing in competitive, professional and other examinations. 1. Entrepreneurship—Meaning, Concept and Forms, 2. Entrepreneurship—Meaning, Theories and Role of Socio- Economic Environment, 3. Meaning and Definition of Leadership, 4. Promotion of a Venture and Opportunity Analysis, 5. External Environment Analysis, 6. Concept of a Project and Legal Requirements for Establishing a New Unit, 7. Sources of Raising Funds, 8. Venture Capital, 9. Entrepreneurial Behaviour : Meaning and Concept, 10. Innovation and Entrepreneur, 11. Entrepreneur Development Programmes, 12. Critical Evaluation of Entrepreneur Development Programmes, 13. Role of Entrepreneur in Economic Growth as an Innovator and in Generation of Employment Opportunities, 14. Role of Entrepreneur in Balanced Economic Development, 15. Export Promotion and Import Substitution, 16. Augmenting and Meeting Local Demand and Forex Earnings, 17. Small Scale Industry : Role and Performance.