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A Combined MRI and Histology Atlas of the Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, Second Edition maps the detailed architectonic subdivisions of the cortical and subcortical areas in the macaque monkey brain using high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images and the corresponding histology sections in the same animal. This edition of the atlas is unlike anything else available as it includes the detailed cyto- and chemoarchitectonic delineations of the brain areas in all three planes of sections (horizontal, coronal, and sagittal) that are derived from the same animal. This is a significant progress because in functional imaging studies, such as fMRI, both the horizontal and sagittal planes of sections are often the preferred planes given that multiple functionally active regions can be visualized simultaneously in a single horizontal or sagittal section. This combined MRI and histology atlas is designed to provide an easy-to-use reference for anatomical and physiological studies in macaque monkeys, and in functional-imaging studies in human and non-human primates using fMRI and PET. The first rhesus monkey brain atlas with horizontal, coronal, and sagittal planes of sections, derived from the same animal Shows the first detailed delineations of the cortical and subcortical areas in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal plane of sections in the same animal using different staining methods Horizonal series illustrates the dorsoventral extent of the left hemisphere in 47 horizontal MRI and photomicrographic sections matched with 47 detailed diagrams (Chapter 3) Coronal series presents the full rostrocaudal extent of the right hemisphere in 76 coronal MRI and photomicrographic sections, with 76 corresponding drawings (Chapter 4) Sagittal series shows the complete mediolateral extent of the left hemisphere in 30 sagittal MRI sections, with 30 corresponding drawings (Chapter 5). The sagittal series also illustrates the location of different fiber tracts in the white matter Individual variability - provides selected cortical and subcortical areas in three-dimensional MRI (horizontal, coronal, and sagittal MRI planes). For comparison, it also provides similar areas in coronal MRI section in six other monkeys. (Chapter 6) Vasculature - indicates the corresponding location of all major blood vessels in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal series of sections Provides updated information on the cortical and subcortical areas, such as architectonic areas and nomenclature, with references, in chapter 2 Provides the sterotaxic grid derived from the in-vivo MR image
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
The text is enriched throughout by close attention to functional aspects of the anatomical observations."--Jacket.
Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.
A Practical Guide in Five Steps Most executives will lead or be a part of a reorganization effort (a reorg) at some point in their careers. And with good reason—reorgs are one of the best ways for companies to unlock latent value, especially in a changing business environment. But everyone hates them. No other management practice creates more anxiety and fear among employees or does more to distract them from their day-to-day jobs. As a result, reorgs can be incredibly expensive in terms of senior-management time and attention, and most of them fail on multiple dimensions. It’s no wonder companies treat a reorg as a mysterious process and outsource it to people who don’t understand the business. It doesn’t have to be this way. Stephen Heidari-Robinson and Suzanne Heywood, former leaders in McKinsey’s Organization Practice, present a practical guide for successfully planning and implementing a reorg in five steps—demystifying and accelerating the process at the same time. Based on their twenty-five years of combined experience managing reorgs and on McKinsey research with over 2,500 executives involved in them, the authors distill what they and their McKinsey colleagues have been practicing as an “art” into a “science” that executives can replicate—in companies or business units large or small. It isn’t rocket science and it isn’t bogged down by a lot of organizational theory: the five steps give people a simple, logical process to follow, making it easier for everyone—both the leaders and the employees who ultimately determine a reorg’s success or failure—to commit themselves to and succeed in the new organization.
Cerebral Reorganization of Function After Brain Damage integrates basic research on neuroplasticity and clinical research on reorganization of function after brain injury, with a view toward translating the findings to rehabilitation. Historical foundations of research on neuroplasticity are presented to provide a perspective on recent findings. Leading investigators synthesize their work with results from other laboratories to provide a current update on neuroanatomic features that enhance neuroplasticity and provide a substrate for reorganization of function. The capacity for recovery from brain injury associated with focal lesions as compared to diffuse cerebral insult is discussed. Interventions such as environmental enrichment and drugs to enhance reorganization of function after brain injury have been studied in animal models and in human studies. Methodologies to study neuroplasticity are discussed including functional magnetic resonance imaging, neurophysiological measures, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and computational modeling. Implications of neuroplasticity research for innovations in rehabilitation of persons with brain injury are critically reviewed. This text will be particularly appealing to neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists, speech scientists, and other health professionals engaged in rehabilitation-related research.
This updated second edition provides the state of the art perspective of the theory, practice and application of modern non-invasive imaging methods employed in exploring the structural and functional architecture of the normal and diseased human brain. Like the successful first edition, it is written by members of the Functional Imaging Laboratory - the Wellcome Trust funded London lab that has contributed much to the development of brain imaging methods and their application in the last decade. This book should excite and intrigue anyone interested in the new facts about the brain gained from neuroimaging and also those who wish to participate in this area of brain science. * Represents an almost entirely new book from 1st edition, covering the rapid advances in methods and in understanding of how human brains are organized* Reviews major advances in cognition, perception, emotion and action* Introduces novel experimental designs and analytical techniques made possible with fMRI, including event-related designs and non-linear analysis
Over the last twenty years there has been an explosive growth in our understanding of the molecular, cellular, and anatomical changes that occur in the days and weeks following brain injury. It is now clear that training and exposure to certain environments can modify and shape neuronal plasticity in lower animals and humans. In humans, in particular, there are new ways of charting neuronal plasticity at the ensemble or regional level using functional neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, the time seems right for transporting the laboratory results to the clinic so that experimental findings can be tested in the "field". This volume provides some impetus to moving the field of cognitive neuroscience a little further in its efforts to improve the lives of patients who have suffered a debilitating brain injury.
This book is the first comprehensive work summarizing the advances that have been made in the neurosurgical use of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) over the past ten years. Having increasingly gained acceptance as a presurgical mapping modality in neurosurgery, today it is widely used for preoperative mapping of cortical motor and language function, risk stratification and improving the accuracy of subcortical fiber bundle visualization. This unique work will provide neurosurgeons and neuroscientists who are starting their nTMS program essential and detailed information on the technique and protocols, as well as the current clinical evidence on and limitations of the various applications of nTMS. At the same time, more experienced nTMS users looking for deeper insights into nTMS mapping and treatment in neurosurgery will find clearly structured, accessible information. The book was prepared by an international mix of authors, each of which was chosen for their status as a respected expert on the respective subtopic, as evinced by their landmark publications on nTMS.