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Observations of Eskimos during stay at Godthab, west Greenland, in winter of 1888-89 after crossing of Greenland ice sheet. Translation of Norwegian original Eskimoliv published in 1891.
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In September of 1893, Norwegian zoologist Fridtjof Nansen and a crew manned the schooner Fram, intending to drift, frozen in the Arctic pack-ice, to the North Pole. When it became clear that they would miss the pole, Nansen and his companion Hjalmar Johansen struck off by themselves. Racing the shrinking pack-ice, they attempted, by dog-sled, to go "farthest north." They survived a winter in a moss hut eating walruses and polar bears, and the public assumed they were dead. In the spring of 1896, after three years of trekking, and having made it to within four degrees of the pole, they returned to safety. Nansen's narrative stands with the best writing on polar exploration.
FRIDTJOF NANSEN (1861-1930), a Norwegian polar explorer, scientist and diplomat. In 1922 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work as a League of Nations High Commissioner on behalf of refugees after the First World War. NORWEGIAN HERITAGE is a series of books about our most important and best-known national icons. The respective titles introduce major personalities from the worlds of art and literature, science and sports, but also the many natural wonders of the country, as well as significant historical periods and cultural expressions. Each book offers an updated introduction to readers who wish to familiarize themselves with a given subject.
Behind the great polar explorers of the early twentieth century - Amundsen, Shackleton, Scott in the South and Peary in the North - looms the spirit of Fridtjof Nansen (1861-1930), the mentor of them all. He was the father of modern polar exploration, the last act of territorial discovery before the leap into space began. Nansen was a prime illustration of Carlyle's dictum that 'the history of the world is but the biography of great men'. He was not merely a pioneer in the wildly diverse fields of oceanography and skiing, but one of the founders of neurology. A restless, unquiet Faustian spirit, Nansen was a Renaissance Man born out of his time into the new Norway of Ibsen and Grieg. He was an artist and historian, a diplomat who had dealings with Lenin, Trotsky and Stalin, and played a part in the Versailles Peace Conference, where he helped the Americans in their efforts to contain the Bolsheviks. He also undertook famine relief in Russia. Finally, working for the League of Nations as both High Commissioner for Refugees and High Commissioner for the Repatriation of Prisoners of War, he became the first of the modern media-conscious international civil servants.
This is a biography of Fridtjof Nansen, intended to be read by children. Nansen was a Norwegian polymath and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. He gained prominence at various points in his life as an explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian. He led the team that made the first crossing of the Greenland interior in 1888, traversing the island on cross-country skis. He won international fame after reaching a record northern latitude of 86°14′ during his Fram expedition of 1893—1896. Although he retired from exploration after his return to Norway, his techniques of polar travel and his innovations in equipment and clothing influenced a generation of subsequent Arctic and Antarctic expeditions.
This publication narrates the voyages of the iconic Norwegian research ship and documents marine research in the Western Indian Ocean, from early exploratory surveys to the current ecosystem surveys undertaken to support fisheries management. It provides a rare glimpse into the realities of conducting research at sea and evaluates the impact of the Nansen programme.
Nansen's "Fram" expedition was an attempt by the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen to reach the geographical North Pole by harnessing the natural east-west current of the Arctic Ocean. Despite much discouragement from other polar explorers, in 1893, Nansen took his schooner "Fram", specially designed to withstand the relentless challenges of the poles, to the New Siberian Islands in the eastern Arctic Ocean, froze her into the pack ice, and waited for the drift to carry her towards the North Pole. Three years later, Frederick Jackson, who had organised his own expedition to Franz Josef Land, was astonished to see "a tall man, wearing a soft felt hat, loosely made, voluminous clothes and long shaggy hair and beard, all reeking with black grease". After a moment's awkward hesitation, Jackson recognised his visitor: "You are Nansen, aren't you?", and received the reply "Yes, I am Nansen." Nansen's first task on his return was to write his account of the voyage. This he did remarkably quickly, producing 300,000 words of Norwegian text by November 1896; the English translation, titled “Farthest North” was ready in January 1897. The book was an instant success, and secured Nansen's long-term financial future. Although Nansen retired from exploration after this expedition, the methods of travel and survival he developed with Johansen influenced all the polar expeditions, north and south, which followed in the subsequent three decades. In his brilliant and spellbound first-person account of this epic polar expedition, Nansen vividly describes the dangerous voyage he took with his crew in the “Fram”, and the 15-month-long attempt to reach the North Pole by sledge, when realizing that the ship would not drift to the pole, he departed with Johansen alone and faced on foot the drifting ice, violent storms, the extreme cold of the Arctic winter and the attacks of wild animals, like polar bears and walruses. “Farthest North” is an unforgettable tale and a unique chance to accompany one of the world’s greatest explorers on one of history’s most daring expeditions.