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This textbook covers the main applications of statistical methods in hydrology. It is written for upper undergraduate and graduate students but can be used as a helpful guide for hydrologists, geographers, meteorologists and engineers. The book is very useful for teaching, as it covers the main topics of the subject and contains many worked out examples and proposed exercises. Starting from simple notions of the essential graphical examination of hydrological data, the book gives a complete account of the role that probability considerations must play during modelling, diagnosis of model fit, prediction and evaluating the uncertainty in model predictions, including the essence of Bayesian application in hydrology and statistical methods under nonstationarity. The book also offers a comprehensive and useful discussion on subjective topics, such as the selection of probability distributions suitable for hydrological variables. On a practical level, it explains MS Excel charting and computing capabilities, demonstrates the use of Winbugs free software to solve Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) simulations, and gives examples of free R code to solve nonstationary models with nonlinear link functions with climate covariates.
After five decades, the field of Statistical Hydrology continues to evolve and remains a very active area of investigation. Researchers continue to examine various distributions, methods of estimation of parameters, and problems related to regionalization. However, much of this research appears in journals and reports and usually in a form not easily accessible to practitioners and students. Flood Frequency Analysis answers this need by presenting the most popular and promising distributions and estimation procedures in a unified format. It offers the details that provide the basis for the computations, and illustrates each procedure with real data.
This book is the first complete account of the L-moment approach to regional frequency analysis of environmental extremes.
Data on water quality and other environmental issues are being collected at an ever-increasing rate. In the past, however, the techniques used by scientists to interpret this data have not progressed as quickly. This is a book of modern statistical methods for analysis of practical problems in water quality and water resources.The last fifteen years have seen major advances in the fields of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and robust statistical methods. The 'real-life' characteristics of environmental data tend to drive analysis towards the use of these methods. These advances are presented in a practical and relevant format. Alternate methods are compared, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each as applied to environmental data. Techniques for trend analysis and dealing with water below the detection limit are topics covered, which are of great interest to consultants in water-quality and hydrology, scientists in state, provincial and federal water resources, and geological survey agencies.The practising water resources scientist will find the worked examples using actual field data from case studies of environmental problems, of real value. Exercises at the end of each chapter enable the mechanics of the methodological process to be fully understood, with data sets included on diskette for easy use. The result is a book that is both up-to-date and immediately relevant to ongoing work in the environmental and water sciences.
Hydrology is the science through which man tries to understand the properties and the distribution of water. Frequency analysis is a set of mathematical and statistical techniques used to describe the probability of occurrence of events. Every year, floods and droughts cause loss of life and millions of dollar's worth of damage in many countries of the world. In many cases, these consequences could be reduced either by nonstructural means such as restricting building in flood plains and by limiting water abstractions, or by better design of regulatory structures to reduce flood peaks and increase low flows. In all these cases, the key is knowledge of the distribution of flows in the river. Frequency and Risk Analyses in Hydrologydescribes some of the methods currently used to apply frequency analysis techniques to hydrological data in order to provide planners and engineers with figures that they can use in practice to reduce the losses caused by flood and drought. Risk analysis is an extension of the technique used to assess the probability that the estimated design event will differ from the actual event.