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This two-volume work combines comprehensive information on the chemistry of the fluorinated heterocycles. The material has been divided such that the first volume is dedicated to 5-membered fluorinated heterocycles and macrocycles, while the second volume combines data connected with the chemistry of fluorine containing 6-membered heterocycles. Both volumes will be of interest to synthetic organic chemists in general, and particularly for those colleagues working in the fields of heterocyclic-compound chemistry, materials chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and fluorine chemistry. All information is presented and classified clearly to be effective source for broad auditory of chemists. It will be interesting for scientists working in the field of inorganic and coordination chemistry. Fluorinated heterocycles are becoming increasingly important in many areas including the pharmaceutical industry, materials science and agriculture. The presence of fluorine can result in substantial functional changes in the biological as well as physicochemical properties of organic compounds. Incorporation of fluorine into drug molecules can greatly affect their physicochemical properties, such as bond strength, lipophilicity, bioavailability, conformation, electrostatic potential, dipole moment, pKa etc. as well as pharmacokinetic properties, such as tissue distribution, rate of metabolism and pharmacological properties, such as pharmacodynamics and toxicology.
This two-volume work combines comprehensive information on the chemistry of the fluorinated heterocycles. The material has been divided such that the first volume is dedicated to 5-membered fluorinated heterocycles and macrocycles, while the second volume combines data connected with the chemistry of fluorine containing 6-membered heterocycles. Both volumes will be of interest to synthetic organic chemists in general, and particularly for those colleagues working in the fields of heterocyclic-compound chemistry, materials chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and fluorine chemistry. All information is presented and classified clearly to be effective source for broad auditory of chemists. It will be interesting for scientists working in the field of inorganic and coordination chemistry. Fluorinated heterocycles are becoming increasingly important in many areas including the pharmaceutical industry, materials science and agriculture. The presence of fluorine can result in substantial functional changes in the biological as well as physicochemical properties of organic compounds. Incorporation of fluorine into drug molecules can greatly affect their physicochemical properties, such as bond strength, lipophilicity, bioavailability, conformation, electrostatic potential, dipole moment, pKa etc. as well as pharmacokinetic properties, such as tissue distribution, rate of metabolism and pharmacological properties, such as pharmacodynamics and toxicology.
This first-of-its-kind four-volume book series, Amino Acids: Insights and Roles in Heterocyclic Chemistry, provides readers with up-to-date information on alpha-amino acids, the potential challenges in working with alpha-amino acids, the protecting groups for the carboxyl, amino and side chain groups of the amino acids, and the most popular heterocyclic compounds that are originating from alpha-amino acids. These heterocyclic compounds include hydantoins, thiohydantoins (including 2-thiohydantoins, 4-thiohydantoins, 2,4-dithiohydantoins), 2,5-diketopiperazines, N-carboxyanhydrides, N-thiocarboxyanhydrides, sydnones, sydnonimines, azlactones, pseudoazlactones, and oxazolidin-5-ones. This is the first resource to comprehensively collect all the heterocycles that can be directly prepared from alpha-amino acids. In addition, almost all kinds of synthetic methods for a particular type of heterocycles from alpha-amino acids are included, along with the detailed mechanistic discussions and experimental procedures. Volume 1: Protecting Groups collects and discusses the 260 protecting groups relating to amino acids, which have been organized by carboxyl group, amino group, and side chain groups. The conditions to introduce these protecting groups as well as their deprotecting procedures have also been incorporated, along with the physical properties, solvent effects, and temperature effects on the solubility of amino acids. It presents the solubility of glycine and phenylalanine in a variety of solvent systems to show the impact on amino acid, where glycine generally represents the polar amino acid whereas phenylalanine represents the amino acid of non-polar side chain. In Volume 2: Hydantoins, Thiohydantoins, and 2,5-Diketopiperazines, the author has compiled the three IUPAC accepted nomenclature systems for heterocyclic compounds, which will be very useful for readers working in the heterocyclic chemistry field for giving the synthesized molecules their correct names. In addition, three groups of heterocyclic compounds, i.e., hydantoins, thiohydantoins (including 2-thiohydantoin, 4-thiohydantoin and 2,4-dithiohydantoin), and 2,5-diketopiperazines, have been organized with updated literature information. Particularly, all three groups of heterocyclic compounds have demonstrated many important biological activities, particularly anticancer and antibacterial activities. On the other hand, these three groups of heterocycles can be applied as substrates to make other chemical derivatives, particularly novel unnatural amino acids. All their reactivities have been compiled and updated. These will be very valuable for readers who have been working in this area or have interest in this area. Volume 3: N-Carboxyanhydrides, N-Thiocarboxyanhydrides, and Sydnones presents up-to-date detailed information on two types of heterocyclic compounds that are originated from alpha-amino acids: NCAs/NTAs and sydnones/sydnonimines. The volume also covers the more than 10 initiating systems for the NCA monomers to undergo the ring-opening polymerization, which are very useful for readers in order to make living polypeptides/polypeptoids. In addition, the method to characterize these prepared polypeptides/polypeptoids are included. Particularly, two modern mass spectrometric techniques (MALDI-TOF and ESI-TOF) have been explained with detailed examples, where the elucidation of molecular weight of protein based on the ESI-TOF spectra have been given with a practical example as well as the theory that is based on, a unique feature of the volume. Volume 4: Azlactones and Oxazolidin-5-ones discusses two types of simple heterocycles that can be prepared from alpha-amino acids, i.e., azlactones (also known as oxazolones, 4-unsaturated azlactones included) and oxazolidin-5-ones. These heterocyclic compounds behave differently in both biological and chemical properties, and their biological activities are presented in a well-organized manner in this volume. This unique 4-volume set thoroughly covers more than seven types of heterocyclic compounds that are originated from alpha-amino acids, providing carefully compiled updated information with detailed examples. The author has shared many thoughtful insights based on his strong background in physical organic chemistry. The volumes will be highly valuable for graduate students and senior students, as well as for professors and researchers working in the field of medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry, organic chemistry, organic synthesis, heterocycles, and proteins and peptides.
Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume 140 is the latest release in this definitive series in the field of heterocyclic chemistry, one of great importance to organic chemists, polymer chemists, and many biological scientists. Written by established authorities in the field from around the world, this comprehensive review combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insight to yield an understanding of how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds. Chapters in this new release include The chemistry of citrazinic acid (2,6-dihydroxyisonicotinic acid), Aza-Diels-Alder Reaction in the Synthesis of Tetrahyroquinoline Structures, and more. Additional chapters delve into Recent Developments in the Synthesis of 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-Azaindoles, Fluoroheterocycle formation using fluoroalkynes and their synthetic equivalents, Advances in applications of dihydropyridines in organic chemistry, and Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Triphyrins (2.1.1). - Considered the definitive serial in the field of heterocyclic chemistry - Serves as the go-to reference for organic chemists, polymer chemists and many biological scientists - Provides the latest comprehensive reviews written by established authorities in the field - Combines descriptive synthetic chemistry and mechanistic insights to enhance understanding on how chemistry drives the preparation and useful properties of heterocyclic compounds
A thorough survey of synthetic methods, chemistry, and applications of major classes of fluorinated heterocycles Merging organic, heterocyclic, and fluoroorganic chemistry, fluorinated heterocyclic compounds have distinctively desirable properties suitable for use in pharmaceuticals and agrichemicals, especially their ability to penetrate the cell membrane barrier for drug absorption. Offering a needed overview of this relatively new addition to the heterocyclic family, this essential reference provides the latest state-of-the-art information on key application areas within fluorine chemistry. With contributions from experts from both industry and academia, the book covers the chemistry, synthesis, and applications of fluorinated heterocycles with chapters on: Three-, four-, five-, six-, and seven-membered fluorine-containing heterocycles Fluorinated nucleosides Fluorointermediates Applications of fluorinated heterocycles in agricultural products Pharmaceuticals containing fluorinated heterocycles Technical applications of fluorinated heterocycles Written by a team of world-recognized experts in the area of organic and industrial chemistry of fluorine, Fluorinated Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis, Chemistry, and Applications will prove valuable to both students and researchers from academia and industry seeking further knowledge of the synthetic methods, chemistry, and applications of major classes of fluorinated heterocycles.
Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. For over 80 years the Royal Society of Chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.
This two-volume work combines comprehensive information on the chemistry of the fluorinated heterocycles. The material has been divided such that the first volume is dedicated to 5-membered fluorinated heterocycles and macrocycles, while the second volume combines data connected with the chemistry of fluorine containing 6-membered heterocycles. Both volumes will be of interest to synthetic organic chemists in general, and particularly for those colleagues working in the fields of heterocyclic-compound chemistry, materials chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and fluorine chemistry. All information is presented and classified clearly to be effective source for broad auditory of chemists. It will be interesting for scientists working in the field of inorganic and coordination chemistry. Fluorinated heterocycles are becoming increasingly important in many areas including the pharmaceutical industry, materials science and agriculture. The presence of fluorine can result in substantial functional changes in the biological as well as physicochemical properties of organic compounds. Incorporation of fluorine into drug molecules can greatly affect their physicochemical properties, such as bond strength, lipophilicity, bioavailability, conformation, electrostatic potential, dipole moment, pKa etc. as well as pharmacokinetic properties, such as tissue distribution, rate of metabolism and pharmacological properties, such as pharmacodynamics and toxicology.
Established in 1960, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry is the definitive serial in the area-one of great importance to organic chemists, polymer chemists, and many biological scientists. Written by established authorities in the field, the comprehensive reviews combine descriptive chemistry and mechanistic insight and yield an understanding of how the chemistry drives the properties.
Following its well-received predecessor, this book offers an essential guide to chemists for understanding fluorine in spectroscopy. With over 1000 compounds and 100 spectra, the second edition adds new data – featuring fluorine effects on nitrogen NMR, chemical shifts, and coupling constants. • Explains how to successfully incorporate fluorine into target molecules and utilize fluorine substituents to structurally characterize organic compounds • Includes new data on nitrogen NMR, focusing on N-15, to portray the influence of fluorine upon nitrogen NMR chemical shifts and coupling constants • Expands on each chapter from the first edition with additional data and updated discussion from recent findings • "The flawless ordering of material covered in this stand-alone volume is such that information can be found very easily." – Angewandte Chemie review of the first edition, 2010
This book presents the abstracts of the 19th International Congress of Heterocyclic Chemistry (19th ICHC) held in Fort Collins, Colorado, 10-15th August 2003 and provides the reader with a topical comprehensive reference source covering the latest developments in the heterocycles area. Each lecture from the 19th ICHC is presented as a one page abstract containing a textual summary of the lecture, including references, figures and contact details of the author(s).Papers are divided into the following sections: heterocyclic natural products, heterocycles in organic synthesis, bioactive heterocycles, heterocyclic materials &related topics, heterocyclic pharmaceuticals.The book of abstracts provides a topical reference source covering the latest developments in the heterocyles area.