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This thesis addresses the development of a new force spectroscopy tool, correlation force spectroscopy (CFS) for the measurement of the properties of very small volumes of material (molecular to μm3) at kHz-MHz frequency range. CFS measures the simultaneous thermal fluctuations of two closely-spaced atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilevers. CFS then calculates the cross-correlation in the thermal fluctuations that gives the mechanical properties of the matter that spans the gap of the two cantilevers. The book also discusses development of CFS, its advantages over AFM, and its application in single molecule force spectroscopy and micro-rheology.
A much-needed work that provides an authoritative overview of the fundamental biological facts, theoretical models, and current experimental developments in this fascinating area. Cell motility is fundamentally important to a number of biological and pathological processes. The main challenge in the field of cell motility is to develop a complete physical description on how and why cells move. For this purpose new ways of modeling the properties of biological cells have to be found – and this volume is a major stepping-stone along the way.
This book consists of two strongly interweaved parts: the mathematical theory of stochastic processes and its applications to molecular theories of polymeric fluids. The comprehensive mathematical background provided in the first section will be equally useful in many other branches of engineering and the natural sciences. The second part provides readers with a more direct understanding of polymer dynamics, allowing them to identify exactly solvable models more easily, and to develop efficient computer simulation algorithms in a straightforward manner. In view of the examples and applications to problems taken from the front line of science, this volume may be used both as a basic textbook or as a reference book. Program examples written in FORTRAN are available via ftp from ftp.springer.de/pub/chemistry/polysim/.
This proceedings volume is a compilation of papers from three symposia held at the 2001 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston. Historically, some of the most outstanding breakthroughs in the biological sciences have stemmed from the application of physical characterization techniques to the examination of biological materials and systems. Excellent examples include the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the examination of human tissues and the use of X-ray diffraction to determine the structure of DNA. Symposium FF, Physical Characterization of Biological Materials and Systems, draws together researchers from a diverse range of disciplines that are applying physical characterization techniques to the study of biological materials and systems. The past decade has also seen an explosion in novel polymer synthetic and processing routes that allow control of tissue engineering scaffolds at the micro-, nano-, and even molecular levels. These advanced techniques are enabling tissue engineers to synthesize scaffolds and templates that intimately regulate cell behavior. Researchers from Symposium GG, Polymeric Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering, come together here to identify and elaborate upon the unifying themes in polymeric synthesis, processing and characterization as specifically applied to tissue engineering research. In Symposium HH, Bioinspired Materials--Moving Towards Complexity, chemists, physicists, biologists and engineers join together to discuss the interdisciplinary development of synthetic materials based on concepts for materials design found in nature. Their potential for biomedical applications, electronics, catalysis, separation technology and adhesion areaddressed.
Includes abstracts from the Journal of the Society of Rheology, Japan.
Field-cycling NMR relaxometry is evolving into a methodology of widespread interest with recent technological developments resulting in powerful and versatile commercial instruments. Polymers, liquid crystals, biomaterials, porous media, tissue, cement and many other materials of practical importance can be studied using this technique. This book summarises the expertise of leading scientists in the area and the editor is well placed, after four decades of working in this field, to ensure a broad ranging and high quality title. Starting with an overview of the basic principles of the technique and the scope of its use, the content then develops to look at theory, instrumentation, practical limitations and applications in different systems. Newcomers to the field will find this book invaluable for successful use of the technique. Researchers already in academic and industrial settings, interested in molecular dynamics and magnetic resonance, will discover an important addition to the literature.
This work traces the development of numerical methods for non-Newtonian flows from the late 1960s to 2001. It begins with broad coverage of non-Newtonian fluids, including their mathematical modelling and analysis, and then specific computational techniques are discussed.