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The Flood of 1993 was an unusual and significant hydrometeorological event that devastated the Midwest. The 1993 was distinctive from all other record floods in terms of its magnitude, severity, damage and the season in which it occurred. The present report contains information about the flood and the general involvement of the Corps in the flood-affected areas. An appendix which provides detailed flood descriptions, data, and information on Corps flood control, flood fight and post flood activities is included for each of the district offices involved: Appendices A (St. Paul District) and Appendices B (Rock Island District) cover the Mississippi River basin above Lock and Dam no. 22; Appendix C (St. Louis District) concerns the Mississippi River basin below Lock and Dam no. 22; Appendix D (Omaha District) and Appendix E (Kansas City District) cover the Missouri River Basin.
From mid-June through early August 1993, flooding was severe in the upper Mississippi River Basin following a wet-weather pattern that persisted over the area for at least 6 months before the flood. The magnitude and timing of several intense rainstorms in late June and July, combined with wet antecedent climatic conditions, were the principal causes of the flooding. Flood-peak discharges that equaled or exceeded the 10-year recurrence interval were recorded at 154 streamflow-gaging stations in the upper Mississippi River Basin. At 41 streamflow-gaging stations, the peak discharge was greater than the previous maximum known discharge. At 15 additional gaging stations, peak discharges exceeded the previous maximum regulated peak discharge. At 45 gaging stations, peak discharges exceeded 100-year recurrence intervals.
To evaluate the effects of the 1993 flood in the upper Mississippi River Basin on the determination of flood magnitude and frequency, discharges that had recurrence intervals of 10, 25, 50, and 100 years computed from data through the 1992 water year were compared with those computed from data through the 1993 water year for 62 selected streamflow-gaging stations in Iowa. On the basis of the flood-frequency analysis computed from data through the 1993 water year, a flood that was greater than or equal to a 10-year recurrence-interval discharge occurred during 1993 at all 62 gaging stations, and a flood greater than or equal to a 100-year recurrence-interval discharge occurred at 11 of the gaging stations.