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This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. The Gulf of Mexico is an open and dynamic marine ecosystem rich in natural resources but heavily impacted by human activities, including agricultural, industrial, commercial and coastal development. The Gulf of Mexico has been continuously exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons for millions of years from natural oil and gas seeps on the sea floor, and more recently from oil drilling and production activities located in the water near and far from shore. Major accidental oil spills in the Gulf are infrequent; two of the most significant include the Ixtoc I blowout in the Bay of Campeche in 1979 and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in 2010. Unfortunately, baseline assessments of the status of habitats and biota in the Gulf of Mexico before these spills either were not available, or the data had not been systematically compiled in a way that would help scientists assess the potential short-term and long-term effects of such events. This 2-volume series compiles and summarizes thousands of data sets showing the status of habitats and biota in the Gulf of Mexico before the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Volume 2 covers historical data on commercial and recreational fisheries, with an analysis of marketing trends and drivers; ecology, populations and risks to birds, sea turtles and marine mammals in the Gulf; and diseases and mortalities of fish and other animals that inhabit the Gulf of Mexico.
Responsible fisheries management is of increasing interest to the scientific community, resource managers, policy makers, stakeholders and the general public. Focusing solely on managing one species of fish stock at a time has become less of a viable option in addressing the problem. Incorporating more holistic considerations into fisheries management by addressing the trade-offs among the range of issues involved, such as ecological principles, legal mandates and the interests of stakeholders, will hopefully challenge and shift the perception that doing ecosystem-based fisheries management is unfeasible. Demonstrating that EBFM is in fact feasible will have widespread impact, both in US and international waters. Using case studies, underlying philosophies and analytical approaches, this book brings together a range of interdisciplinary topics surrounding EBFM and considers these simultaneously, with an aim to provide tools for successful implementation and to further the debate on EBFM, ultimately hoping to foster enhanced living marine resource management.
This report indicates that climate change will significantly affect the availability and trade of fish products, especially for those countries most dependent on the sector, and calls for effective adaptation and mitigation actions encompassing food production.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Edition 48 for 2016. The app links to charts, aerial photos, embedded videos, every marina, email support group, all port authorities, the wind charts, every anchorage, worldwide harbors, the tides, engine troubleshooting, all the weather, local knowledge, every dive site, every seabird, every pelagic fish, how to catch fish, animated knots, tips, Cruisers Forum, suggested itineraries, the nav rules, the ocean currents, all safety information, USCG, outboard engines, vessel traffic services, the radio frequencies, videos, every dock, every fuel supply, food, restaurants & supermarkets, every lighthouse, repairs, marine parks, general knowledge, your safety & security, sightseeing, the dive sites, all necessary books, USCG accident reports, safety check, Facebook group, Pinterest, Instagram, the nightlife, Crewfinder, Tumblr, Scuttlebutt, Snapchat group, Tripadvisor, environmental issues, all warnings, Chatbot, Live cams, Livestream, Events, Regulations, Wikipedia, put up your photos & videos, email group, Cruisers Forum, BoatBuzz, Top 20 sailing blogs, Links to all Gov agencies, official alerts & warnings and more... +The app on your phone, tablet and computer ready for any situation. + Link to First Aid and Sea Survival. + Phone and email out of the app. + Your screen can become a full screen weather radar. + See the surrounding ships in real time on your screen with a link to AIS. + View updated charts using online chart viewer. + Before departure download and print current charts in booklet form. Topics in this Pilot include channel descriptions, piracy, safety, anchorages, cloud cover, local winds, humidity, temperatures, bridge and cable clearances, dangerous waves, currents, tide and water levels, prominent features, visibility, cyclones, storms, fog, precipitation, pilotage, towage, weather, ice conditions, wharf descriptions, dangers, routes, traffic separation schemes, small-craft facilities, and Federal regulations applicable to navigation. GENERAL INFORMATION This is a huge resource on the app with hundreds of useful links to Government, USCG, Wikipedia etc. Chapter 2. NAVIGATION REGULATIONS The complete online updated Code of Federal Regulations is linked in the app. Chapter 3. California, Oregon, and Washington Chapter 4. San Diego to Point Arguello, California Chapter 5. CHANNEL ISLANDS. This chapter describes the eight Channel Islands They include the four islands of the southern group-San Clemente, Santa Catalina, San Nicolas, and Santa Barbara; Chapter 6. Point Arguello to San Francisco Bay, California Chapter 7. San Francisco Bay, California. Chapter 8. San Francisco Bay to Point St. George, California. This chapter describes Bodega Bay, Tomales Bay, Noyo River and Anchorage, Shelter Cove, Humboldt Bay. Chapter 9. Chetco River to Columbia River, Oregon This chapter describes 200 miles of the Oregon coast from the mouth of the Chetco River to the mouth of the Columbia River. Chapter 10. Columbia River, Oregon and Washington This chapter describes the Columbia River from its mouth at the Pacific Ocean to the head of navigation above Richland, Chapter 11. Columbia River to Strait of Juan De Fuca, Washington This chapter describes the Pacific coast of the State of Washington from the Washington-Oregon border at the mouth of the Columbia River Chapter 12. Strait of Juan De Fuca and Georgia, Washington. This chapter includes the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Sequim Bay, Port Discovery, the San Juan Islands and its various passages and straits, Deception Pass, Fidalgo Island, Chapter 13. Puget Sound, Washington This chapter describes Puget Sound and its numerous inlets, bays, and passages, and the waters of Hood Canal, Chapter 14. HAWAII The Hawai'ian Islands an archipelago, consist of eight large islands, plus many islets, reefs, and shoals, strung out from SE to NW for 1,400 nautical miles in the north-central Pacific Ocean. Chapter 15. PACIFIC ISLANDS