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"The Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic Fishery Management Councils have submitted the subject amendment for review and implementation by the Secretary of Commerce. This amendment will: (1) Remove four species from the FMP; (2) revise the framework procedure; (3) establish two migratory groups for cobia; and (4) establish annual catch limits, annual catch targets, and accountability measures for king mackerel, Spanish mackerel, and cobia. Amendment 18 also contains non-regulatory actions to establish allowable biological catch control rules, set allocations for Atlantic group cobia, and revise definitions of management thresholds for Atlantic migratory group king mackerel, Spanish mackerel, and cobia"--Cover letter.
"The EA analyzed the effects of a range of alternatives identified in Amendment 20B to the FMP. These actions (1) adjust king mackerel trip limits and fishing seasons in the eastern Gulf of Mexico (Gulf), (2) allow transit of king mackerel through closed areas, (3) create regional quotas for Atlantic migratory group king and Spanish mackerel, (4) make administrative changes to the FMP, and (5) create new management areas and catch limits for Gulf cobia. None of these actions are expected to alter the manner in which the fishery is prosecuted; therefore the effects of the actions are not expected to be significant"--Cover letter summary.
"The EA analyzed the effects of a range of alternatives identified in Amendment 20A to the FMP that modify the coastal migratory pelagics permit requirements and restrictions. This included modification of the sales provisions and income requirements"--Cover letter summary.
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. The Gulf of Mexico is an open and dynamic marine ecosystem rich in natural resources but heavily impacted by human activities, including agricultural, industrial, commercial and coastal development. The Gulf of Mexico has been continuously exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons for millions of years from natural oil and gas seeps on the sea floor, and more recently from oil drilling and production activities located in the water near and far from shore. Major accidental oil spills in the Gulf are infrequent; two of the most significant include the Ixtoc I blowout in the Bay of Campeche in 1979 and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in 2010. Unfortunately, baseline assessments of the status of habitats and biota in the Gulf of Mexico before these spills either were not available, or the data had not been systematically compiled in a way that would help scientists assess the potential short-term and long-term effects of such events. This 2-volume series compiles and summarizes thousands of data sets showing the status of habitats and biota in the Gulf of Mexico before the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Volume 2 covers historical data on commercial and recreational fisheries, with an analysis of marketing trends and drivers; ecology, populations and risks to birds, sea turtles and marine mammals in the Gulf; and diseases and mortalities of fish and other animals that inhabit the Gulf of Mexico.