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With their quick drainage, enhanced skid-resistance under wet conditions, noise-reducing effect, and lessened splashing and spraying, porous asphalt pavements are now receiving more and more attention. Since research and application of porous asphalt pavements has just started in China at present, there are no corresponding design and construction specifications. Therefore, it is essential to verify the design through actual field performance monitoring on such pavement as those of the Yan-Tong Expressway. This highway is ideal for such an investigation since it includes a section of porous asphalt surface together with stone mastic asphalt and another type of dense graded surface in the same section. The major parameters of the assessment consist of permeability and skid-resistance that are essential to porous asphalt pavements and rutting depth under heavy traffic. We use a simulation model to predict the rutting depth in the short term. The results show that porous asphalt pavement performs well under the heavy truck traffic volume on the Yan-Tong Expressway.
This report summarizes the construction and early performance of a field trial of a Porous Friction Course (PFC) in Indiana. The PFC is compared to an adjacent section of Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) constructed at the same time using the same binder, coarse aggregate and fiber. Those mixes are also compared to a similar conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) surface constructed one to two months earlier. This evaluation shows that the PFC produces significantly lower noise levels than the HMA and SMA as measured by both the pass-by and close-proximity methods. The SMA produces higher noise levels than the HMA. The PFC also had the highest surface texture, as measured by the Circular Texture Meter; the HMA had the lowest texture. Data from the Circular Texture Meter and Dynamic Friction Tester were combined to determine the International Friction Index (FN60). The PFC provided the highest friction value, followed by the SMA. Both the PFC and SMA had substantially higher friction values than the HMA even though they were tested before opening the road to traffic. The friction values for the PFC and SMA are expected to increase after traffic wears away the binder film coating the protruding aggregate particles. The PFC also reduced splash and spray and improved visibility during rain events, as observed qualitatively. Long term performance of the PFC should be monitored to determine how long these benefits last, but initially the PFC appears to offer an efficient and economical way to reduce noise and maintain or even improve friction and visibility.
Sponsored by the Low Impact Development Committee of the Urban Water Resources Research Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE Permeable Pavements is a comprehensive resource for the proper design, construction, and maintenance of permeable pavement systems that provide a transportation surface and a best management practice for stormwater and urban runoff. A cornerstone for low impact development (LID) and sustainable site design, permeable pavements are considered a green infrastructure practice. They offer many environmental benefits, from reduced stormwater runoff and improved water quality to better site design and enhanced safety of paved surfaces. Commonly used for walkways, driveways, patios, and low-volume roadways as well as recreational areas, parking lots, and plazas, permeable pavements are appropriate for many different land uses, particularly in highly urbanized locations. This volume synthesizes today's knowledge of the technology, drawing from academia, industry, and the engineering and science communities. It presents an overview of typical permeable pavement systems and reviews the design considerations. Detailed design, construction, use, and performance information is provided for porous asphalt, pervious concrete, permeable interlocking concrete pavement, and grid pavements. Fact sheets and checklists help to successfully incorporate permeable pavement systems into design projects. Additional chapters summarize emerging technologies, maintenance considerations, hydrologic design approaches, key components for specification writing, and key areas for additional research. Appendixes include a fact sheet clarifying information on common concerns, as well as data tables summarizing water quality treatment performance and costs. Permeable Pavements is an essential reference for engineers, planners, landscape architects, municipalities, transportation agencies, regulatory agencies, and property owners planning to implement this best management practice for stormwater and urban runoff.
The Virginia Department of Transportation constructed a 2.52-acre parking lot of porous asphaltic pavement in Warrenton, Virginia. Runoff from the lot was collected and monitored for quantity, detention time, and quality. Prior to the lot opening for public use, three storms were successfully monitored. After the lot was opened to the public, four storms were monitored to ascertain whether traffic affected the lot's performance. It was determined that the lot was not performing as desired in the detention of runoff because of the slope across the parking lot, thus this portion of the research effort was terminated. The structural strength of the pavement has been monitored and has performed well for four years. Two recommendations that address design considerations were made as a result of this study. 1. The permeability of the underlying soil layers should be determined and considered as the main criterion in the design. 2. The subgrade and riding surface of a porous asphaltic pavement should not have any slope.
Pavements are the most ubiquitous of all man-made structures, and they have an enormous impact on environmental quality. They are responsible for hydrocarbon pollutants, excess runoff, groundwater decline and the resulting local water shortages, temperature increases in the urban "heat island," and for the ability of trees to extend their roots in
The special focus of this proceedings is to cover the areas of infrastructure engineering and sustainability management. The state-of-the art information in infrastructure and sustainable issues in engineering covers earthquake, bioremediation, synergistic management, timber engineering, flood management and intelligent transport systems. It provides precise information with regards to innovative research development in construction materials and structures in addition to a compilation of interdisciplinary finding combining nano-materials and engineering.
Asphalt is a complex but popular civil engineering material. Design engineers must understand these complexities in order to optimize its use. Whether or not it is used to pave a busy highway, waterproof a rooftop or smooth out an airport runway, Asphalt Materials Science and Technology acquaints engineers with the issues and technologies surrounding the proper selection and uses of asphalts. With this book in hand, researchers and engineering will find a valuable guide to the production, use and environmental aspect of asphalt. - Covers the Nomenclature and Terminology for Asphalt including: Performance Graded (PG) Binders, Asphalt Cement (AC), Asphalt-Rubber (A-R) Binder, Asphalt Emulsion and Cutback Asphalt - Includes Material Selection Considerations, Testing, and applications - Biodegradation of Asphalt and environmental aspects of asphalt use
About 90 percent of this excessive heat is due to buildings and pavements that absorb and store solar heat (According to the Green Buildings Council). The only reference that focuses specifically on pavements, Pavement Materials for Heat Island Mitigation: Design and Management Strategies explores different advanced paving materials, their properties, and their associated advantages and disadvantages. Relevant properties of pavement materials (e.g. albedo, permeability, thermal conductivity, heat capacity and evaporation rate) are measured in many cases using newly developed methods. - Includes experimental methods for testing different types of pavements materials - Identifies different cool pavement strategies with their advantages and associated disadvantages - Design and construct local microclimate models to evaluate and validate different cool pavement materials in different climate regions