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This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics.This manual incorporates changes in joint terminology and definitions as reflected in JP 1-02 (as amended through June 2003) and provides a single standard for developing and depicting handdrawn and computer-generated military symbols for situation maps, overlays, and annotated aerial photographs for all types of military operations. The symbology chapters of this manual focus primarily on land military symbols applicable for the Army and Marine Corps. In addition to terminology, this manual includes the following updated lists:• Approved acronyms and abbreviations with their expansions.• Two-letter country codes.• Brevity codes and their meanings.• Procedural words.• Tactical tasks.This manual applies to the Active Army, the US Army Reserves, the Army National Guard and the US Marine Corps.
This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics.This manual incorporates changes in joint terminology and definitions as reflected in JP 1-02 (as amended through June 2003) and provides a single standard for developing and depicting handdrawn and computer-generated military symbols for situation maps, overlays, and annotated aerial photographs for all types of military operations. The symbology chapters of this manual focus primarily on land military symbols applicable for the Army and Marine Corps. In addition to terminology, this manual includes the following updated lists:• Approved acronyms and abbreviations with their expansions.• Two-letter country codes.• Brevity codes and their meanings.• Procedural words.• Tactical tasks.This manual applies to the Active Army, the US Army Reserves, the Army National Guard and the US Marine
This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics. This manual incorporates changes in joint terminology and definitions as reflected in JP 1-02 (asamended through June 2003) and provides a single standard for developing and depicting handdrawnand computer-generated military symbols for situation maps, overlays, and annotatedaerial photographs for all types of military operations. The symbology chapters of this manualfocus primarily on land military symbols applicable for the Army and Marine Corps. In additionto terminology, this manual includes the following updated lists:• Approved acronyms and abbreviations with their expansions.• Two-letter country codes.• Brevity codes and their meanings.• Procedural words.• Tactical tasks.This manual applies to the Active Army, the US Army Reserves, the Army National Guard andthe US Marine Corps.
This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics. This manual incorporates changes in joint terminology and definitions as reflected in JP 1-02 (as amended through June 2003) and provides a single standard for developing and depicting handdrawn and computer-generated military symbols for situation maps, overlays, and annotated aerial photographs for all types of military operations. The symbology chapters of this manual focus primarily on land military symbols applicable for the Army and Marine Corps. In addition to terminology, this manual includes the following updated lists: * Approved acronyms and abbreviations with their expansions.* Two-letter country codes.* Brevity codes and their meanings.* Procedural words.* Tactical tasks.This manual applies to the Active Army, the US Army Reserves, the Army National Guard and the US Marine Corps.This manual implements the following international agreements:* STANAG 3680/AAP-6 (2003), NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions.* AAP-15, NATO Glossary of Abbreviations Used in NATO Documents and Publications.* STANAG 1059, National Distinguishing Letters for Use by NATO Armed Forces, where appropriate for Army- and/or Marine Corps-specific usage.* STANAG 2019/APP-6A, Military Symbols For Land Based Systems.* QSTAG 509, Military Symbols.* STANAG 2022, Intelligence Reports, for the evaluation ratings in annex A.* STANAG 2961, Classes of Supply of NATO Land Forces, for reference and comparison with US classes of supply.
This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics.
This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics.
This manual is a dual-Service US Army and US Marine Corps publication introducing new terms and definitions and updating existing definitions as reflected in the latest editions of Army field manuals and Marine Corps doctrinal, warfighting, and reference publications. It complies with DOD Military Standard 2525. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps should use this manual as a dictionary of operational terms and military graphics. This manual incorporates changes in joint terminology and definitions as reflected in JP 1-02 (as amended through June 2003) and provides a single standard for developing and depicting handdrawn and computer-generated military symbols for situation maps, overlays, and annotated aerial photographs for all types of military operations. The symbology chapters of this manual focus primarily on land military symbols applicable for the Army and Marine Corps. In addition to terminology, this manual includes the following updated lists: - Approved acronyms and abbreviations with their expansions. - Two-letter country codes. - Brevity codes and their meanings. - Procedural words. - Tactical tasks. This manual applies to the Active Army, the US Army Reserves, the Army National Guard and the US Marine Corps. This manual implements the following international agreements: - STANAG 3680/AAP-6 (2003), NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions. - AAP-15, NATO Glossary of Abbreviations Used in NATO Documents and Publications. - STANAG 1059, National Distinguishing Letters for Use by NATO Armed Forces, where appropriate for Army- and/or Marine Corps-specific usage. - STANAG 2019/APP-6A, Military Symbols For Land Based Systems. - QSTAG 509, Military Symbols. - STANAG 2022, Intelligence Reports, for the evaluation ratings in annex A. - STANAG 2961, Classes of Supply of NATO Land Forces, for reference and comparison with US classes of supply.
This United States Army dictionary, Field Manual FM 1-02.1 Operational Terms March 2021, constitutes approved Army doctrinal terminology for general use. The principal audience for this manual are all members of the profession of Arms. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational forces. Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication.
This first edition of Field Manual FM 1-02.1 Operational Terms November 2019 compiles definitions of all Army terms approved for use in Army doctrinal publications, including ADPs, FMs, and ATPs. It also includes joint terms defined in the glossaries of Army doctrinal publications. FM 1-02.1 also lists shortened forms (whether considered acronyms or abbreviations) approved for use in Army doctrinal publications. In addition, FM 1-02.1 incorporates North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) terms appearing in the glossaries of Army doctrinal publications. When communicating instructions to subordinate units, commanders and staffs from company through corps echelons should use this publication as a dictionary of operational terms and military symbols. FM 1-02.1 is organized as follows: Chapter 1 presents terms. Chapter 2 presents acronyms, abbreviations, and country codes. The terminology entries in chapter 1 of this publication fall into three categories: Definitions applicable to the Army only. Joint (DOD) definitions commonly used in Army publications. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) definitions commonly used in Army publications. For each term and definition, a proponent publication is cited in parentheses after the definition.The acronym and abbreviation entries listed in section I of chapter 2 are Army and joint. Shortened forms applicable only to Army doctrine are shown in boldface, to distinguish Army from joint usage. Acronyms are added to FM 1-02.1 and the online "Army Dictionary" when a defined term has an associated acronym or if an acronym has doctrinal cross branch or functional usage. The cross branch usage criterion for considering an acronym for inclusion is that it must appear in two or more doctrinal publications that are not branch specific or related. FM 1-02.1 is now the proponent of terms for which ADP 1-02 had been the proponent.
Emory Upton believed that politicians should leave war to professionals. This led to two assumptions that became conventional wisdom: first, an apolitical army represented a more professional force; and second, the problems at the tactical and operational level were similar enough to be useful in developing strategic thinking. These assumptions resulted in what Samuel P. Huntington described as the "normal-theory" relationship between policy-makers and generals. The assumption made sense for the United States but had one unfortunate result. The Army as an institution misread the nature of an apolitical force. The essence of an apolitical force should be non-partisan -Army professionals above political interference or interest. There is a difference, however, between policy and politics. While not involving itself in the political life of the nation, the Army is vitally concerned with the policies of the nation. The discussion strategists must prepare for are political, but in the nature of policy as the object of war. A historical survey of strategists from General Winfield Scott to General Creighton Abrams suggests that the most successful strategists are life-long learners. They build holistic understanding of the interdependent and infinite connections of the whole problem. Once they develop a hypothesis about the whole problem, they reshape those connections to create a better peace for the United States. Strategists that take time to understand the whole problem encourage discourse. Retaining the Functional Area 59 Strategist program will continue to benefit the force because they do not follow a traditional route to generalship. After all, few have earned stars by arguing, debating, and taking intellectual risk.