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The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners. This book, first published in 2004, offers scientific and technological information on ferroelectric thin films from an international mix of academia, industry and government organizations.
At present, the marketplace for professionals, researchers, and graduate students in solid-state physics and materials science lacks a book that presents a comprehensive discussion of ferroelectrics and related materials in a form that is suitable for experimentalists and engineers. This book proposes to present a wide coverage of domain-related issues concerning these materials. This coverage includes selected theoretical topics (which are covered in the existing literature) in addition to a plethora of experimental data which occupies over half of the book. The book presents experimental findings and theoretical understanding of ferroic (non-magnetic) domains developed during the past 60 years. It addresses the situation by looking specifically at bulk crystals and thin films, with a particular focus on recently-developed microelectronic applications and methods for observations of domains with techniques such as scanning force microscopy, polarized light microscopy, scanning optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and surface decorating techniques. "Domains in Ferroic Crystals and Thin Films" covers a large area of material properties and effects connected with static and dynamic properties of domains, which are extremely relevant to materials referred to as ferroics. In other textbooks on solid state physics, one large group of ferroics is customarily covered: those in which magnetic properties play a dominant role. Numerous books are specifically devoted to magnetic ferroics and cover a wide spectrum of magnetic domain phenomena. In contrast, "Domains in Ferroic Crystals and Thin Films" concentrates on domain-related phenomena in nonmagnetic ferroics. These materials are still inadequately represented in solid state physics textbooks and monographs.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
The scaling of device dimensions with a simultaneous increase in functional density has imposed tremendous challenges for materials, technology, integration and reliability of interconnects. To meet requirements of the ITRS roadmap, new materials are being introduced at a faster pace in all functions of multilevel interconnects. The issues addressed in this book cannot be dispelled as simply selecting a low-k material and integrating it into a copper damascene process. The intricacies of the back end for sub-100nm technology include novel processing of low-k materials, employing pore-sealing techniques and capping layers, introducing advanced dielectric and diffusion barriers, and developing novel integration schemes. This is in addition to concerns of performance, yield, and reliability appropriate to nanoscaled interconnects. Although many challenges continue to impede progress along the ITRS roadmap, the contributions in this book confront them head-on. It provides a scientific understanding of the issues and stimulate new approaches to advanced multilevel interconnects.
This book celebrates 20 years of MRS symposia on the topic of amorphous silicon. Contributors showed that the simplified theories developed to explain the limited experimental information available in the early eighties have spurred more sophisticated experimentation - either refining the early understanding or making it irrelevant. The differences of opinion that continue to exist and emerge are probably the hallmark of the amazing vitality of this field. Applications range from 'mature' thin-film transistors, solar cells and image sensors, to the 'emerging' possibility of erbium-doped nanocrystalline silicon-based materials for lasers and amorphous silicon quantum dots for luminescent devices. The book discusses material characterization, growth processes and devices. Each chapter is further subdivided into sections that group papers around common themes. Topics include: nanomaterials; electronic structure; metastable effects; understanding of growth processes; laser-induced crystallization; metal-induced crystallization; other growth techniques; newer devices; solar cells and thin-film transistors.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners. This book, first published in 2004, brings together researchers interested in strained SiGe, strain-relaxed buffers, strained Si on bulk Si and on SOI, SiGe on SOI, Ge substrates, and Ge on insulator.