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"The introduction of exotic lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) to Yellowstone Lake in Yellowstone National Park has contributed to a significant decline in the heretofore healthy population of Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri). There is great concern not only regarding the persistence of this genetically pure cutthroat subspecies, but also for the potential impacts their disappearance will have on the fish-eating predators of Yellowstone Lake and the surrounding community. Nearby Lewis Lake has no cutthroat trout, but is home to a well-established population of non-native lake trout, brown trout (Salmo trutta), and Utah chub (Gila atraria). We examined the contents of 179 river otter (Lontra canadensis) scats collected along the shores of Yellowstone (n=101) and Lewis Lakes (n=78) in Yellowstone National Park to compare otter dietary habits, especially with regard to the mustelid's utilization of native vs. non-native fish species. We also assessed diets using stable isotopes analysis ... on otters and represenatative prey from both lakes. In addition, we analyzed the isotopic signatures of fur taken from Yellowstone Lake otter specimens collected in the early part of the 20th century before exotic trout were introduced. Fecal analysis indicated that trout were consumed much more frequently by contemporary Yellowstone Lake otters (57% annually) than by otters occupying Lewis Lake (12% annually). The predominant fish found in Lewis Lake otter feces were minnows, presumably Utah chub. Stable isotopes analysis, however, identified longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus) as the primary fish prey for Yellowstone Lake otters (56% contribution to otter diet), while indicating that otters there are generally preying on neither cutthroat trout nor introduced lake trout. Analysis of stable isotopes also indicated that contemporary Yellowstone Lake otters forage at a lower trophic level ... than their historic counterparts ... Isotopic data from Lewis Lake revealed that brown trout (60% contribution to otter diet) contribute more to otter diets there than local lake trout and Utah chub together (40% combined contribution). This study establishes the importance of alternative prey species to otters foraging on both lakes and supplements the growing body of research demonstrating that lake trout will not constitute a major food source for Yellowstone river otters."--Abstract.
The lake charr Salvelinus namaycush is a ubiquitous member of cold-water lake ecosystems in previously glaciated regions of northern continental U.S., Alaska, and Canada that often support important commercial, recreational, and subsistence fisheries. The lake charr differs from other charrs by its large size, longevity, iteroparity, top-predator specialization, reduced sexual dimorphism, prevalence of lacustrine spawning, and use of deepwater habitat. The species is remarkably variable in phenotype, physiology, and life history, some of which is reflected in its ecology and genetics, with as many as four morphs or ecotypes co-occurring in a single lake. The lake charr is often the top predator in these systems, but is highly adaptable trophically, and is frequently planktivorous in small lakes. The lake charr by their name highlights their common habitat, lakes both large and small, but often frequents rivers and occasionally moves into the Arctic Ocean. Movement and behaviour of lake charr are motivated by access to cool, well-oxygenated water, foraging opportunities, predator avoidance, and reproduction. Owing to their broad distribution and trophic level, the lake charr serves as a sentinel of anthropogenic change. This volume will provide an up-to-date summary of what is currently known about lake charr from distribution to genetics to physiology to ecology. The book provides a compilation and synthesis of available information on the lake charr, beginning with an updated distribution and a revised treatment of the paleoecology of the species. Understanding of ecological and genetic diversity and movement and behaviour of the species has advanced remarkably since the last major synthesis on the species over 40 years ago. Mid-sections of the book provide detailed accounts of the biology and life history of the species, and later sections are devoted to threats to conservation and fishery management practices used to ensure sustainability. A new standard lake charr-specific terminology is also presented. The book will be a valuable reference text for biologists around the world, ecologists, and fishery managers, and of interest to the angling public.
This richly illustrated and thoroughly researched reference covers all the species of fish and every aspect of their existence in one of the most famous sport fisheries in the world. This edition includes new material on the impact of forest fires and the introduction of non-native species; an expanded chapter on angling; and an assessment of recent management policies. Full color plates and historic b&w photos.
Taking the family to Yellowstone National Park is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. With a little planning and guidance from Yellowstone Insider for Families, parents can map out a visit built around family-friendly activities. This book from the editor of the Yellowstoneinsider.com website covers all the ins and outs of family travel in America's First National Park. Designed to be used on the go, the eBook answers your questions about Yellowstone, kids, and travel echoing a different time in American history, What are the must-do Yellowstone activities for kids? What thermal areas are best suited for strollers and youngsters? How do you structure a Yellowstone tour in this age of digital entertainment and devices?
Visitors to Yellowstone National Park are drawn to the spectacular scenery, unique thermal features, and the large numbers of wild animals easily observed in their natural habitat. The thoughtful visitor to the park cannot help but be captivated by the unparalleled breadth of scientific knowledge needed to understand the intricate interrelationships that make up the yellowstone landscape. Knowing Yellowstone explores how scientists discover what they know about America's first national park and the surrounding lands. The chapter authors are scientists who represent the best of their fields of study. The science they describe is leading the way to our understanding of complex ecosystems worldwide.
This book surveys Wyoming's mammal, bird, reptile, and amphibian faunas. In addition to introducing the state's geography, geology, climate, and major ecosystems, it provides 65 biological profiles of 72 mammal species, 195 profiles of 196 birds, 9 profiles of 12 reptiles, and 6 profiles of 9 amphibians. There are also species lists of Wyoming's 117 mammals, 445 birds, 22 reptiles, and 12 amphibians. Also included are descriptions of nearly 50 national and state properties, including parks, forests, preserves, and other public-access natural areas in Wyoming. The book includes a text of more than 150,000 words, nearly 700 references, a glossary of 115 biological terms, nearly 50 maps and line drawings by the author, and 33 black & white photographs by Thomas D. Mangelsen.
This book makes you the tour guide for your group! Janet Chapple shares her tips to pack for your trip, spot wildlife, see the best views, catch geyser eruptions, stay safe, and escape the crowds. The author's passion for the park, which began when her parents worked at Old Faithful Inn in the early twentieth century, shines throughout. Whether you want to hike in the geyser basins and forests, drive the mountain passes, ride horseback, or take a boat out on the lake, the mile-by-mile road logs prepare you. The description is enlivened by entertaining historical anecdotes. This sixth edition, fully updated for 2020 by editor Beth Chapple and geologist Jo-Ann Sherwin, includes which geysers and hot springs are active, the new overlooks at Grand Prismatic Spring and the south rim of the canyon, a new time line of the geology, and explanations of the geological forces like lava flows and the Yellowstone hot spot. The book is in full color with 38 new and revised maps. Charts of the facilities and a field guide to the wildlife and wildflowers round out this comprehensive guide to America's first national park. After the first edition won Gold in the Travel Guides category in ForeWord Magazine's 2002 Book of the Year Awards, later editions won Silver in the IBPA Benjamin Franklin Awards in 2010 and 2018.