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This analysis of the implications for children of the FY 1987 Federal budget begins by criticizing the Reagan administration's policy on poor children and families and recommending needed action. Chapter 1 provides a rationale for investing in children and families. Specific attention is given to costs of child poverty, declining Federal help for children in poverty, President Reagan's FY 1987 budget, and the impact of the Gramm-Rudman Amendment. Chapters 2 and 3 outline a Children's Survival Bill and a new policy agenda designed to prevent teen pregnancy and to build self-sufficient youth. Chapter 4 explores aspects of the Gramm-Rudman Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985. Chapter 5 offers an executive summary of the remaining 15 chapters which concern health; family income; taxes and poor families; food assistance; housing and homelessness; preventing adolescent pregnancy and building youth self-sufficiency; education; youth employment; abused and neglected children and others with special needs; runaway youth and others in the juvenile justice system; child care; Head Start; energy assistance for families; legal services; and civil rights. Appended are related information about Congress, selected recent publications on the budget and the effects of President Reagan's policies, a list of other resource organizations, and approximately 40 pages of data on children, poverty, and federal programs. (RH)
Child welfare services are intended to prevent the abuse or neglect of children; ensure that children have safe, permanent homes; and promote the well-being of children and their families. As the U.S. Constitution has been interpreted, states bear the primary responsibility for ensuring the welfare of children and their families. In recent years, Congress has annually appropriated between $7.6 billion and $8.7 billion in federal support dedicated to child welfare purposes. Nearly all of those dollars (97%) were provided to state, tribal, or territorial child welfare agencies (via formula grants or as federal reimbursement for a part of all eligible program costs). Federal involvement in state administration of child welfare activities is primarily tied to this financial assistance. The remaining federal child welfare dollars (3%) are provided to a variety of eligible public or private entities, primarily on a competitive basis, and support research, evaluation, technical assistance, and demonstration projects to expand knowledge of, and improve, child welfare practice and policy. At the federal level, child welfare programs are primarily administered by the Children's Bureau, which is an agency within the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). However, three competitive grant programs (authorized by the Victims of Child Abuse Act) are administered by the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) within the Department of Justice (DOJ). Federal child welfare support is provided via multiple programs, the largest of which are included in the Social Security Act. Title IV-B of the Social Security Act primarily authorizes funding to states, territories, and tribes to support their provision of a broad range of child welfare-related services to children and their families. Title IV-E of the Social Security Act entitles states to federal reimbursement for a part of the cost of providing foster care, adoption assistance, and (in states electing to provide this kind of support) kinship guardianship assistance on behalf of each child who meets federal eligibility criteria. Title IV-E also authorizes funding to support services to youth who "age out" of foster care, or are expected to age out without placement in a permanent family. Legislation concerning programs authorized in Title IV-B and Title IV-E, which represents the very large majority of federal child welfare dollars, is handled in Congress by the House Committee on Ways and Means and the Senate Finance Committee. Additional federal support for child welfare purposes, including research and demonstration funding, is authorized or otherwise supported in the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) and the Adoption Opportunities program. Further, the Victims of Child Abuse Act authorizes competitive grant funding to support Children's Advocacy Centers, Court Appointed Special Advocates, and Child Abuse Training for Judicial Personnel and Practitioners. Authorizing legislation for these programs originated with the House and Senate Judiciary committees. Each child welfare program that receives discretionary funding is funded through April 28, 2017 at about 99.8% of the funding provided for each of the programs in FY2016. For child welfare programs receiving mandatory funding, the continuing resolution makes funding available at the rate needed to maintain the current law program, under the authority and conditions provided in the FY2016 appropriations act. While the continuing resolution allows federal funds to be awarded, until a final appropriations bill is enacted, the total amount of FY2017 funding that will be made available for a given program remains unknown and may be less (or more) than the annualized amount provided in the continuing resolution.

Federal Programs Affecting Children and Their Families, 1990. A Report Together with Additional Minority Views of the Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session. December 21, 1990. -- Pursuant to House Resolution 84, Referred Jointly to the Committees on Ways and Means ; Post Office and Civil Service ... and Ordered to be Printed

United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families

Published: 1990

Total Pages: 300


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In this new edition of his acclaimed study of American poverty, Harrell Rodgers carefully analyzes the most recent data on the profile of poor families and the underlying causes of the dramatic increase in chronically poor, mother-only households. After evaluating the record of past anti-poverty efforts, Rodgers examines the many new and proposed approaches to welfare reform, their prospects of success, and the consequences of failure - both for the children of poverty and for a nation that leaves such a high proportion of its citizenry, its future, at risk.