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This book explores hitherto unaddressed dimensions in federalism studies in India. It traces continuities and changes in Indian federalism since independence and especially economic liberalization. Beginning with the 1990s, due to the emergence of multi-party system, coalition governments, change in judicial temper and the onset of privatization and globalization in the economy, there has been a trend towards greater federalization in India. However, in the context of one-party majority in a coalition government since 2014, new aspects have emerged in Indian federalism. The volume engages with several facets of federalism: administrative federalism; environmental and resource federalism; changing dynamics of fiscal federalism; and multi-level governance. With comparative data and case studies across different states of India, it brings together a range of issues, including Article 356 and its dysfunctions; land acquisition; decentralized governance; tribal rights; the roles of central and state governments; concerns regarding Citizenship Amendment Act; recent abrogation of Article 370 and 35 A; Delhi and statehood; climate change; MGNREGA; implementation of ICDS and the cooperative and competitive nature of Indian federalism. Comprehensive and topical, this book will be useful to scholars and researchers of political science, federalism, comparative federal studies, political studies, comparative politics, public administration, governance and development studies. It will also interest policy makers, bureaucrats, government organizations, NGOs, and civil society activists.
‘A Case for a Federal India’ involves a novel study on comparative federalism. The author makes out a case against the quasi-federal or unitary characterisation of the Constitution of India by the jurists and justices alike. India has often been characterised as a quasi-federal nation considering that it possesses several unitary features which may not be present in a traditional federation such as the United States of America or Australia. However, these characterisations did not involve an in-depth study of federalism. The author argues that even the traditionally federal constitutions are not purely federal in the modern day, considering that the courts and governments have introduced several unitarian features which were not present when these federations came into existence. For instance, the two World Wars and the Great Economic Depression necessitated a stronger federal government in the U.S.A. to effectively counter these situations. As a necessary corollary, several constitutional amendments were introduced to grant strong unitarian powers to the federal government such as the emergency powers. Therefore, the present position of India concerning federalism is very much similar to the modern-day federations of the U.S.A. and Australia, rendering the quasi-federal characterisation questionable. This book attempts an in-depth study of federalism and argues against the quasi-federal characterisation of India.
Established in 1824, the United States Indian Service (USIS), now known as the Bureau of Indian Affairs, was the agency responsible for carrying out U.S. treaty and trust obligations to American Indians, but it also sought to "civilize" and assimilate them. In Federal Fathers and Mothers, Cathleen Cahill offers the first in-depth social history of the agency during the height of its assimilation efforts in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Cahill shows how the USIS pursued a strategy of intimate colonialism, using employees as surrogate parents and model families in order to shift Native Americans' allegiances from tribal kinship networks to Euro-American familial structures and, ultimately, the U.S. government.
Welcome to "Understanding the Indian Constitution: A Comprehensive Guide for University Students." This book is designed to be a trusted companion for students embarking on a journey through the intricate landscape of Indian constitutional studies. The Indian Constitution, a living document, forms the bedrock of our nation's governance, enshrining the values, rights, and duties that shape our collective identity. With its roots deep in the struggles and aspirations of the Indian people, it stands as a testament to the democratic spirit that animates our nation.
As India’s power and prominence rise on the international stage, its longstanding tradition of democracy is under threat. Since establishing a secular and democratic constitution in 1950, India has held elections at the local, state, and national levels with frequent transitions of power between opposing parties. This commitment to democracy has provided political order to a country that is twice the size of Europe and with a stunning array of social and economic divides. Despite this rich tradition, India’s democracy faces an unprecedented threat with the rise of Narendra Modi and his Hindu nationalist party, the Bharatiya Janata Party. After decisively winning general elections in 2014, Modi and the BJP have pursued a range of anti-democratic policies in which the state and society are used to undermine the opposition, to stifle free speech, and to harass religious minorities. The Troubling State of India’s Democracy brings together leading scholars from around the world to assess the conditions of India’s democracy across three important dimensions: politics, specifically the state of political parties and the party system; the state, including the condition of federalism and the health of various institutions; and society, including NGOs, ethnic and religious tensions, and control of the media. Even though elements of India’s democracy seem to function—like its commitment to elections—the contributors document a disturbing trajectory, one that not only threatens to undermine India’s own stability, but could also affect the global order.
India became independent in 1947 and, after nearly three years of debate in the Constituent Assembly, adopted a Constitution that came into effect on 26 January 1950. This Constitution has lasted until the present, with its basic structure unaltered, a remarkable achievement given that the generally accepted prerequisites for democratic stability did not exist, and do not exist even today. Half a century of constitutional democracy is something that political scientists and legal scholars need to analyze and explain. This volume examines the career of constitutional-political ideas (implicitly of Western origin) in the text of the Indian Constitution or implicit within it, as well as in actual political practice in the country over the past half-century.
Written by a multidisciplinary team of social scientists, this book describes and analyzes India's political, economic, social, and national security systems and institutions, and examines the interrelationships of those systems and the ways they are shaped by historical and cultural factors. Particular attention is devoted to the people who make up Indian society, their origins, dominant beliefs and values, their common interests and the issues on which they are divided, the nature and extent of their involvement with national institutions, and their attitudes toward each other and toward their social system and political order. Illustrated.