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Originally published in 2005. Analyzing the impact of FDI on industrial organization in India in the midst of changes wrought by globalization is a daunting task. The Indian economy is large and disparate, with a multitude of economic and political institutions and an unsteady record of policy reform. Drawing comparisons with other Asian economies, this monograph identifies the factors that contribute to the successful creation of globally competitive industries by illustrating the nature of interchange between FDI, indigenous capital, industry policy and institutions. It also analyzes the contribution of foreign affiliates and domestic enterprises to industrial development. Using case studies and quantitative analysis, the work reveals new and significant features of Indian business and industry. In view of the recent interest generated regarding India's prowess in high technology sectors and its potential to be the next economic 'powerhouse', the empirical analyses and issues raised in this book are both timely and comprehensive.
Multinational enterprises play a vital role in the economic activity of most developing countries. In India MNE affiliates dominate whole sectors of industry - such as plastics and pharmaceuticals - characterised by a high degree of product differentiation, complex technology and high skill intensity. Such advantages, combined with intangible assets, centralised decision making and global outlook lead to a divergence of approach between MNEs and their local counterparts in host developing countries. This book analyses the inter-industry pattern of MNEs in India in the framework of the internationalisation theory, also examining the comparative behaviour of MNE affiliates and LCEs in terms of conduct and performance. The book goes further to explain the different performance of these two strategic groups by assessing profit and export.
This volume gathers the cutting edge of new research on foreign direct investment and host country economic performance, and presents the most sophisticated critiques of current and past inquiries. It presents new results, concludes with an analysis of the implications for contemporary policy debates, and proposed new avenues for future research.
This book concentrates on major changes that are now taking place in the fields of technology, foreign direct investment (FDI), trade and development strategies, with a particular focus on India. Arguably, these changes are likely to differ from those that the world has experienced over the past few decades; in particular, now that many countries have globalised their economies. The book begins by reviewing the changing pattern of FDI flows and technologies among developed and emerging economies, before identifying the determinants of this change by presenting specific studies on Indian industries. It then addresses key questions such as: How are knowledge spillover mechanisms operationalised, and what are the implications of the internationalisation of the IPR process? The role of FDI is also analysed in order to make policy recommendations for fostering innovation in emerging economies like India. The respective chapters examine the process through which technological paradigm and trajectory shifts are taking place, the factors that facilitate such shifts, the changing pattern of FDI, and the shifting focus of international trade and development strategies – four broad themes that are interrelated and mutually reinforcing. The book offers important takeaways for all social scientists, technologists and business schools interested in Indian studies; it will also benefit researchers whose work involves development economics, industrial organisation and technology, and the economy / society interface.
Against the backdrop of persistently high levels of poverty and inequality, critical environmental boundaries and increasing global economic interdependence, this book addresses the role and impact of industrial policies in developing countries. Accepting the reality of both market failure and policy failure, it identifies the conditions under which industrial policy can deliver socially desirable results. General conclusions on the political economy of development are complemented by country case studies covering Ethiopia, Mozambique, Namibia, Tunisia and Vietnam.
In a refreshingly accessible style John Weiss presents a survey of industrialization in developing countries since 1945, as well as a study of the predominant theories of industrial growth in the Third World. This authoritative text analyzes:* the possibility of different paths to industrialization* the dominant neoclassical view and the challenges
The book is the culmination of a research effort which spanned all continents and involved a large number of research teams from both the industrialised and developing countries. The book addresses a number of key issues related to technology transfer by small and medium-sized enterprises most especially whether such companies are more effective transferors than larger transnational corporations. A key aspect of the research was the fact that firms in source and host countries were matched to assure a degree of consistency in the firm coverage and their responses.
For many years industrial countries have encouraged domestic firms to make direct investments in developing countries. These direct promotion programs, some of which have existed for several decades, provide the focus of this paper. However, support by industrial country governments has sometimes been ambiguous, many governments have faced serious opposition from domestic interest groups. Many developing countries also have been ambivalent about encouraging inflows of foreign direct investment. These attitudes are now changing on both sides. In this changing environment, this paper surveys the existing bilateral programs of fourteen member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the programs of several multilateral institutions. Chapter 2 gives an overview of the organizations involved in investment promotion, while Chapter 3 outlines the trends of several of the most important bilateral and multilateral investment promotion programs. The underlying principles and practices of both bilateral and multilateral programs are evaluated in Chapter 4 in light of the changing environment, and also of what is now known about effective investment promotion tecniques. Changes in both content and organization of present programs would improve their effectiveness; some of these changes are outlined in Chapter 5.