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Two full-scale prestressed concrete box girders with identical properties were tested. The loads were placed so that shear rather than flexure would govern failure. The first girder was tested to evaluate ultimate shear strength under monotonic loading. The second girder was subjected to one-half million cycles of repeated loading and nine static overloads before its ultimate strength test. The results indicated that the effect of repeated loading on the shear strength of a shear dominated girder is less significant than that of a flexure dominated girder.
The mechanics of fracture and fatigue have produced a huge body of research work in relation to applications to metal materials and structures. However, a variety of non-metallic materials (e.g., concrete and cementitious composites, rocks, glass, ceramics, bituminous mixtures, composites, polymers, rubber and soft matter, bones and biological materials, and advanced and multifunctional materials) have received relatively less attention, despite their attractiveness for a large spectrum of applications related to the components and structures of diverse engineering branches, applied sciences and architecture, and to the load-carrying systems of biological organisms. This book covers the broad topic of structural integrity of non-metallic materials, considering the modelling, assessment, and reliability of structural elements of any scale. Original contributions from engineers, mechanical materials scientists, computer scientists, physicists, chemists, and mathematicians are presented, applying both experimental and theoretical approaches.