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Despite an overall decrease in tobacco use, lung cancer (80–85% of which is non-small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC]) is still the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women worldwide. Annual low-dose CT screening of high-risk individuals has the potential to detect early-stage tumors, which can usually be successfully treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy and, in some cases, targeted therapy. However, most patients with NSCLC still present with advanced or metastatic disease. For these patients, initial therapy is guided by the tumor’s molecular characteristics and patient’s performance status. Targeted therapies have significantly improved clinical outcomes and, for some patients with no targetable genetic alterations, immunotherapy has demonstrated significant overall survival benefit. This insightful guide is designed to bring you up to speed with the latest developments and is important reading for all health professionals and medical trainees working in this fast-moving field. Table of Contents: • Prevention and screening • Diagnosis and staging • Surgery • Radiotherapy • Systemic therapy in non-metastatic NSCLC • Systemic therapy in advanced-stage/metastatic disease without a molecular driver • Personalized treatment in advanced NSCLC • Oligometastatic disease and brain metastases
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of two main types of lung cancer. Some lung cancers spread to other parts of the body before they are diagnosed. A cancer that has spread is called ‘metastatic’. New lung cancer treatments are being developed that directly target the gene mutations that control how cancers grow and spread. The most important gene mutations in cancer are called ‘driver mutations’. In NSCLC, this includes KRAS mutations, which can be used as targets for treatment. There are new treatments designed for lung cancers with a KRAS mutation that are already available. And more are being developed. Treatments in development are tested in clinical trials. There are several different phases of clinical trials that people with cancer can take part in. This booklet aims to help patients with NSCLC understand their options so that they can talk to their doctors, nurses, and medical team about their cancer and its treatment. Table of Contents: • What is non-small cell lung cancer? • How can lung cancer develop? • What is metastatic NSCLC? • More about genes and cancer • Oncogenes and cancer • Driver mutations and biomarkers • How your doctor knows your cancer is KRAS-positive • More about KRAS • What does having a KRAS-positive cancer mean for me? • Talking to your doctor about your treatment • About clinical trials and research • Finding further information and support
Despite an overall decrease in tobacco use, lung cancer (80–85% of which is non-small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC]) is still the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women worldwide. Annual low-dose CT screening of high-risk individuals has the potential to detect early-stage tumors, which can usually be successfully treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and, in some cases, targeted therapy. However, most patients with NSCLC still present with advanced or metastatic disease. For these patients, initial therapy is guided by the tumor’s molecular characteristics and patient’s performance status. Targeted therapies have significantly improved clinical outcomes and, for some patients with no targetable genetic alterations, immunotherapy has demonstrated significant overall survival benefit. This insightful guide is designed to bring you up to speed with the latest developments and is important reading for all health professionals and medical trainees working in this fast-moving field. Table of Contents: • Prevention and screening • Diagnosis and staging • Surgery • Radiotherapy • Systemic therapy in non-metastatic NSCLC • Systemic therapy in advanced-stage/metastatic disease without a molecular driver • Personalized treatment in advanced NSCLC • Oligometastatic disease and brain metastases
The treatment of cancer has been revolutionized by therapies that modulate the immune system, with benefits for quality of life and survival. Standards of care have changed to reflect developments, but the area is moving fast. Keeping abreast of new therapies and trial data can be challenging. This second edition of 'Fast Facts: Immuno-Oncology' takes you from the fundamentals of immunology through to the new concepts of immunoediting and immunotherapy and likely future directions. Whether you have worked in oncology for decades and need a refresher or you are just starting out and need a crash course, this book provides all you need to know about immuno-oncology, concisely summarized. Table of Contents: • Components of the immune system • How cancers evade the immune system • How cancer immunotherapy works • Clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors • The future of immuno-oncology
Cancer is a multifaceted disease in which genetic changes induce uncontrolled tumor growth. Genomic characterization of cancer is now leading to better diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and effective individualized management. 'Fast Facts: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling' provides a crash course in the science, methods and application of genomic profiling. Assuming only the most basic knowledge – or memory – of cell biology, the authors provide an overview of DNA and RNA biology and next-generation sequencing. This sets in context the descriptions of prognostic and predictive biomarkers for different cancer types and genomic-based treatments. Finally, but importantly, some of the practicalities of gaining and interpreting genomic information are described. Whether you need a primer or a refresher, this short colorful book demystifies this complex subject. Contents: • Genetic mutations and biomarkers • Understanding next-generation sequencing • Elements of comprehensive genomic profiles • Role in precision oncology • Predictive and prognostic biomarkers • Overcoming barriers to genotype-directed therapy
Biologics have revolutionized – and are revolutionizing – the treatment of many serious disorders. The evidence acquired from more than 10 years of clinical experience, with more than 50 biosimilar drugs and more than 700 million patient-days' exposure in Europe, shows that approved biosimilars can be used as safely and effectively as originator biologics. Yet concerns persist about biosimilars – particularly in curative cancer treatment, where they are relatively recent therapeutic options. 'Fast Facts: Biosimilars in Hematology and Oncology' provides a concise overview of emerging global practice in this fast-moving area together with practical information on adding biosimilars to a formulary and switching patients. Contents: • Biologics and the need for biosimilars • Why do we need biosimilars? • How is the quality of biosimilar medicines assured? • Legal issues • Switching, interchangeability and extrapolation • Safety and pharmacovigilant • Global issues • Formulary considerations: pharmacy issues • Formulary considerations: supportive care biosimilars • Formulary considerations: therapeutic anti-cancer biosimilars • Communication and awareness
Lung cancer is still a major cause of death globally, but the development of personalized, precision medicine has had a marked effect on treatment management and improved clinical outcomes, particularly for those with advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR mutations are the third most common mutation found in patients with advanced stage NSCLC. First-line treatment with a traditional epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is indicated for most patients, but not for patients with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations (ex20ins). Instead, recent approvals of an EGFR ex20ins-specific TKI (mobocertinib) and a bispecific antibody (amivantamab) targeting both EGFR and mesenchymalepithelial transition factor (MET) offer the potential for improved outcomes in this patient population. Furthermore, new approaches to treatment continue to be developed and trials for new agents with greater activity against ex20ins mutations are ongoing.
When it comes to detecting, diagnosing and treating women who have, or are suspected of having, ovarian cancer, there are significant opportunities for well-informed healthcare professionals to intervene in a meaningful way. 'Fast Facts: Ovarian Cancer' examines the areas that will have the biggest effect in clinical practice, including: • the evidence for and against screening • the valuable role of genetic testing in identifying at-risk women • if and when to operate • strategies to overcome platinum resistance • the impact of targeted therapies. From the tools that will help establish a swift diagnosis to the risks and benefits of palliative salvage surgery, this refreshingly readable resource captures the key knowledge that every busy healthcare professional needs in order to make better health decisions for patients with ovarian cancer. Contents: • Epidemiology and prevention • Pathophysiology and classification • Genetic testing • Diagnosis, staging and grading • Surgery • Chemotherapy • Recurrent ovarian cancer • Targeted therapies • Non-epithelial ovarian cancers • Follow-up and palliative surgery • Useful resources
Cigarette smoking is one of the most significant preventable causes of death and illness in the world. Given the wide-ranging effects smoking has on many disease processes, it is essential that clinicians understand: • the short- and long-term effects of smoking on the body • the benefits of smoking cessation • why smokers find it difficult to stop • the role of clinicians in promoting and supporting smoking cessation • the treatments available to help smokers overcome their addiction. 'Fast Facts: Smoking Cessation' meets these needs: here, in one place, you will find all the information you need on smoking, tobacco addiction and how best to treat the addiction. Ultimately, the best reason for reading this book is to help your patients who smoke to change their behavior for the better and sustainably. Every GP and support clinic will benefit from this edition, filled with tips, advice and treatment aids for the clinical team. Contents: • Cigarettes as a nicotine delivery system • Smoking patterns • Social, psychological and economic influences on smoking • Effects of smoking and smoking cessation • Addiction to cigarettes • The clinician and smoking • Treatments to aid smoking cessation • Future trends
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are genetically engineered immune cells that can seek out and destroy cancer cells. The results from their use in cancer immunotherapy have been very promising, but treatment is often associated with frequent, serious short-term toxicities. 'Fast Facts: CAR-T Therapy' explains what CAR T cells are and how they were developed, discusses the results of clinical trials and the management of toxicities, and outlines future improvements and applications. It is ideal reading for any healthcare professional wanting to know more about this exciting therapeutic field. Table of Contents: • CAR T cells • Clinical application • Practical aspects • Future directions