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In this new edition, the authors examine: Ireland’s hard landing and the prospects for a recovery in terms of economic growth; The changing role of the state in policy-making and the increasing importance of global and EU governance and institutions; The importance of competitiveness as a major policy objective and the effect that asset prices and the banking system have on this; The role of regulation, in particular the regulation of the banking sector Energy and the environment, in particular issues of security of supply, the importance of energy to the politics of the EU and the world, and the challenge of addressing climate change and biodiversity loss; Employment and migration challenges facing Ireland; Distribution issues relating to income and wealth, including the role of social insurance and the politics of equity and redistribution, particularly with scarce resources; The increasing importance of outward direct investment and the challenges facing the Irish manufacturing sector; The significance of education, both as a contributing factor to economic growth in Ireland’s ‘smart economy’ and in terms of considerations of efficiency and equity in the delivery of services; The importance of the health sector and the factors to be considered in its reorganisation with regard to delivering a more efficient and equitable service; The importance of the health sector and the factors to be considered in its reorganisation with regard to delivering a more efficient and equitable service.
The questions surrounding how the Irish economy was brought to the brink - who was to blame, and who should pay for these mistakes - have been rightly debated at length. But beyond this very legitimate exercise, there are deeper questions that need to be answered. These questions relate to why we made the decisions we did, not just in the last ten years, but over the last eighty. How did certain industries become more prominent at the expense of others, banking as opposed to fisheries, international markets as opposed to indigenous industry and job creation? Are our problems structural in nature, and most importantly, what do we need to know to make sure that this crisis does not happen again? These are the questions set by this book. It will look at the development of the Irish economy over the past eight decades, and will argue that the 2008 financial crisis, up to and including the IMF bailout of 2010 and the subsequent change of government, cannot be explained simply by the moral failings of those in banking or property development alone. The problems are deeper, more intricate, and more dangerous if we remain unaware of them, but also potentially avoidable in the future if we break the cycle.
Through the first half of the nineteenth century there was a widespread notion that political economy was little known and not highly thought of in Ireland, and that the Irish and Roman Catholic 'character' was either 'non-economic' or 'anti-economic'. Such economic ignorance came to be seen as a major cause of Irish backwardness and social divisions. The educational system was identified as the chief non-coercive means of establishing hegemony over the Irish, with political economy playing a leading role in promoting the economically progressive virtues (seen as English and rational) of self-interest and individualism, the socially desirable objective of neutralising class antagonisms and, above all, the political objective of 'tranquillising' Ireland and assimilating it to English norms, the better to promote the integrity of Empire. In a country so spectacularly divided as Ireland ideological consensus was sought in that allegedly value-free and incontrovertible form of knowledge, political economy. But this book argues that political economy was partisan and defended the social, political and ideological status quo. The Great Famine of 1846-7 provoked an Irish outcry against political economy, and especially its constant companion laissez-faire. The validity and universality of its laws were impugned and it was subjected to unrelenting moral and political attacks. Although the establishment strenuously defended it, within ten years a moral critique of the discipline had seriously questioned its scientific status. Its basic tenets, such as individualism and self-interest, were challenged in the name of social and cooperative values and the family, rather than the individual, was seen as the basic unit of society. A political economy based on English experience and ideas was rejected and the notion was embraced that Ireland should be governed by 'Irish ideas'. This is the first history of the academic and non-academic propagation of the discipline in Ireland. It deals with the foundation and careers of university chairs, the role of the Statistical Society and the Barrington Trust, and the teaching of the subject to children in the national schools. In all of these areas the central role of Archbishop Richard Whately is emphasised.
The Economy of Ireland (14th edition) takes a holistic examination of the Irish Economy in light of events including the Celtic Tiger boom, recession, recovery and a global pandemic. The textbook considers the evolution of the Irish economy over time; the policy priorities for a small regional economy in the eurozone; the role of the state in policy making; taxation and regulatory policy; and the challenge of sustainable development. This provides a framework for analysing policy issues at a national level, including the Irish labour market and migration, inequality and poverty, and the care economy. The book then considers issues at a sectoral level, from agriculture and trade to the education and health sectors. Packed with the latest available data, contemporary examples and analysis of topical issues, this is an ideal text for students studying modules on Irish Economics.
Thirty years ago the Irish State embarked on a programme of development which rapidly transformed the economy and with it Irish society. This book is about that transformation and its effects. In particular, it focuses on the relationship between the policies pursued by the State and the class structure of Ireland. It argues that, despite promises of general prosperity, the benefits of Ireland's economic development have been very unevenly distributed, leading to a growing polarisation between social classes.
This book examines the long-term development of the Irish welfare state since the late nineteenth century. It contests the consensus view that Ireland, like other Anglophone countries, has historically operated a liberal welfare regime which forces households to rely mainly on the market to maintain their standard of living. Drawing on case studies and key statistical data, this book argues that the Irish welfare state developed differently from most other Western European countries until recent decades. Norris's original line of argument makes the case that Ireland’s regime was distinctive in terms of both focus and purpose in that Ireland’s welfare state was shaped by the power of small farmers and moral teaching and intended to support a rural, agrarian and familist social order rather than an urban working class and industrialised economy. A well-researched and methodical study, this book will be of great interest to scholars of social policy, sociology and Irish history.