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This book deals with the social, political, constitutional, moral, and economic developments which led to the implementation of a system of family allowances in Canada in July of 1945. The book focuses on when the idea first became identified in Canada; family allowances in relation to other social security measures of the time; the constitutional, moral, and financial obstacles to their implementation; the affect of family allowance legislation upon political parties; the reaction of the provinces to this legislation; and the timing of the legislation. Family allowances went through three stages in Canada: recommendations, official and unofficial, and subsequent public discussion; parliamentary debate and legislative enactment in August 1944; and the establishment of the administrative machinery leading to their implementation in July 1945.
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With poverty, unemployment, and one-parent families on the rise in most Western democracies, government assistance presents an increasingly urgent and complex problem. This is the first study to explore Canada's family policies in an international context. Maureen Baker looks at the successes and failures of social programs in other countries in search of solutions that might work in Canada. Baker has chosen seven industrialized countries for her comparative study: Australia, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries experience social and economic strains similar to those felt in Canada, and though they share certain policy solutions, major differences in policy remain. Baker considers which of the policies in these countries are most effective in reducing poverty, enhancing family life, and improving the status of women, then applies her findings to the Canadian situation. Bringing together research and statistics from the fields of demography, political science, economics, sociology, women's studies, and social policy, this rich, multidisciplinary study provides a unique resource for anyone interested in Canadian family policy.