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Populations of Giant Canada Geese (Branta canadensis maxima) have increased dramatically throughout most of the Mississippi Flyway. This population expansion has been accompanied by an increase in goose-related problems, including depredation of agricultural crops, airport hazards, fecal contamination of water used for drinking or swimming, and damage to lawns, parks, beaches, and golf courses, caused by overgrazing, trampling, feathers, and defecation. Failure to control giant Canada goose populations through traditional harvest methods such as hunting, has prompted interest in alternative harvest methods (nest manipulations, welfare harvest, and nesting female harvest) as a means of reducing goose numbers. The intent of this research was to generate long-term reproductive, survival and bioenergetics data and to utilize these data to develop a population model specific to Missouri Giant Canada Geese. The model was then used to identify population parameters that most influence population growth and to evaluate proposed management actions. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the effect of adult survival on population growth was much greater than any other population parameter. Alternative harvest simulations indicated that nesting female harvest was the most effective means of reducing populations to statewide management objectives. From a management perspective, our results indicate that efforts to control numbers of giant Canada geese should focus on reducing adult survival, in particular adult female survival. It is unlikely that the required reduction in adult survival necessary to reach management objectives will be achieved through traditional harvest methods. Therefore, a combination of non-hunting lethal alternatives will be required.
If you're a parks manager, waterfront property owner or golf-course superintendent, you may be dealing with one of the drawbacks of the Canada goose success story - resident, nonmigratory geese. As Canada goose numbers have soared in recent years, so have complaints about urban goose problems - primarily goose droppings, overgrazing and trampling of vegetation, and aggressive behavior toward humans. Managing Canada Geese in Urban Environments is a 42-page guide to legal, effective ways of persuading problem geese to go elsewhere. The guide includes an overview of goose biology and behavior, but most of the text is devoted to management and control techniques, arranged by their physical impact on the geese. The techniques range from basic (quit feeding the birds) to extensive - habitat modification, hazing and scaring techniques, chemical repellents, control of reproduction, and removal. For example, the habitat section reviews fences and overhead wires and grids, plant and rock barriers, and modification of vegetation, shorelines, islands and ponds. The hazing discussion covers noisemakers such as fireworks and propane cannons, goose scarecrows and other visual scare techniques, and dogs trained to patrol for geese. Tables provide a quick summary of timing, cost, necessary permits, strengths and weaknesses of each technique. The guide also discusses the human and political dimensions of urban goose management, and how to develop an integrated management strategy. It lists on-line information sources, as well as contact information for equipment suppliers and wildlife control agencies. "Urban Canada goose populations have increased dramatically in both numbers and distribution over the past 10 to 15 years. Almost any body of water, especially in southeast Wisconsin, can expect geese, if they aren't there already, " says co-author Scott Craven, extension wildlife ecologist at UW-Madison's College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. "Small numbers of geese are attractive and highly desirable, but it's very easy to quickly experience too much of a good thing. Information on living with geese has not been readily available, and some 'solutions' may have little chance of actual success. The guide provides would-be goose managers with the information they need to address a very complex urban wildlife problem." (http://www.cals.wisc.edu/media/news/02_99/goose_doo.html).