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By intelligence officials for intelligent people
How biases, the desire for a good narrative, reliance on citation metrics, and other problems undermine confidence in modern science. Modern science is built on experimental evidence, yet scientists are often very selective in deciding what evidence to use and tend to disagree about how to interpret it. In The Matter of Facts, Gareth and Rhodri Leng explore how scientists produce and use evidence. They do so to contextualize an array of problems confronting modern science that have raised concerns about its reliability: the widespread use of inappropriate statistical tests, a shortage of replication studies, and a bias in both publishing and citing “positive” results. Before these problems can be addressed meaningfully, the authors argue, we must understand what makes science work and what leads it astray. The myth of science is that scientists constantly challenge their own thinking. But in reality, all scientists are in the business of persuading other scientists of the importance of their own ideas, and they do so by combining reason with rhetoric. Often, they look for evidence that will support their ideas, not for evidence that might contradict them; often, they present evidence in a way that makes it appear to be supportive; and often, they ignore inconvenient evidence. In a series of essays focusing on controversies, disputes, and discoveries, the authors vividly portray science as a human activity, driven by passion as well as by reason. By analyzing the fluidity of scientific concepts and the dynamic and unpredictable development of scientific fields, the authors paint a picture of modern science and the pressures it faces.
New insights from the science of science Facts change all the time. Smoking has gone from doctor recommended to deadly. We used to think the Earth was the center of the universe and that the brontosaurus was a real dinosaur. In short, what we know about the world is constantly changing. Samuel Arbesman shows us how knowledge in most fields evolves systematically and predictably, and how this evolution unfolds in a fascinating way that can have a powerful impact on our lives. He takes us through a wide variety of fields, including those that change quickly, over the course of a few years, or over the span of centuries.
"The information here is fabulous and so appealing because of the 'I bet you didn't know' spirit in all of us who like to stump our friends and savor the interesting information for ourselves" --Constance Lloyd, General Manager, CBS Radio News
Since 1994, Pastor Doug Batchelor has been using historical, scientific, and other amazing facts to share the gospel. And now many of his popular and unusual facts have been compiled into one comprehensive volume! So whether you're preparing a sermon, need an illustration for a children's story, or just enjoy interesting trivia, this book is sure to be a wonderful resource in your home or office.
Hundreds of lists--thousands of facts! This is a book of best-ever lists, covering topics from science and technology to history and pop culture. The in-depth research and expert writing mean that the book is filled with the most important, most engaging, most up-to-the-minute facts. This is reference reinvented, with supermodern lists, and a supermodern visual presentation to match.
This book presents three thousand unusual, fantastic, and amazing bits of information, presented in almost one hundred different categories, ranging all the way from astronomy to show business, from the ancients to the moderns, and from history to animal life.