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This report examines the reenlistment decisions of early- to mid-career reservists (i.e., those with 4-12 years of service) and the forces affecting those decisions. Using the 1986 Reserve Components Survey of Enlisted Personnel, the authors extended earlier reenlistment estimates in several important directions, including (1) developing a reenlistment model with reservists from all six components to measure the impact of component-specific influences; (2) measuring the influence of perceived spouse attitude on reenlistment and contrasting this with a similar measure of perceived employer attitude; and (3) measuring the influence of the training and unit environment on reenlistment. The findings underscore the importance of attitudinal variables in models of reenlistment. Reservists with more favorable employer attitudes have significantly higher reenlistment rates. Spouse attitude toward reserve participation appears to have an even more significant influence on reenlistment rates than employer attitudes. The authors find that the net effect of all the variables in the multivariate models are rather small in magnitude compared with those relating to the marital status/dependents/spouse attitude variables. Dissatisfaction with training, equipment, and morale of the unit also appears to have a fairly significant impact on reenlistment.
The U.S. military has been continuously engaged in foreign conflicts for over two decades. The strains that these deployments, the associated increases in operational tempo, and the general challenges of military life affect not only service members but also the people who depend on them and who support them as they support the nation â€" their families. Family members provide support to service members while they serve or when they have difficulties; family problems can interfere with the ability of service members to deploy or remain in theater; and family members are central influences on whether members continue to serve. In addition, rising family diversity and complexity will likely increase the difficulty of creating military policies, programs and practices that adequately support families in the performance of military duties. Strengthening the Military Family Readiness System for a Changing American Society examines the challenges and opportunities facing military families and what is known about effective strategies for supporting and protecting military children and families, as well as lessons to be learned from these experiences. This report offers recommendations regarding what is needed to strengthen the support system for military families.
Over the past ten years, maintenance career fields in the U.S. Air Force have been negatively affected by a series of events that have resulted in an experience shortage. Although there has been an improvement in Total Force manning since 2015, several skill levels are still experiencing shortages. To bridge the experience shortfall, the U.S. Government Accountability Office called for an Air Force retention strategy tailored to retain experienced maintainers. The RAND Corporation was asked to explore whether individual characteristics, economic and geographic factors, and the new Blended Retirement System (BRS) could provide additional insights into what predicts retention of this workforce. This report focuses primarily on aircraft maintenance career fields, with some attention to munitions and logistics career fields as resources permitted. The authors undertake two analytic approaches to examine the underlying determinants of retention. First, they use logistic regression to determine how strongly a variety of individual and environmental characteristics are associated with decisions to reenlist, extend an enlistment, or separate from the Air Force; second, they use RAND's Dynamic Retention Model to estimate how the new BRS will affect maintenance, munitions, and logistics career fields when those in the new system reach retention decision points. The authors find that changes in individual characteristics and environmental variables have improved retention in the maintenance, munitions, and logistics career fields. Although much of what influences retention is beyond the Air Force's control, the authors offer a number of recommendations and identify areas of emphasis that could be exploited.
The attacks on September 11th, 2001 began the Global War on Terror and resulted in the mobilization of hundreds of thousands of reservists. These mobilizations are expected to continue at their current pace for the foreseeable future. This increase in workload for a part-time force structure must come at a cost. As more frequent and lengthy reserve obligations put stress on soldiers, families, and employers, these volunteers are being forced into a decision between service to nation and family/careers. Recognition of the potential effects on the reserves now will enable timely policy or force structure changes to ward off disaster and prepare the military forces for success when the nation needs them the most.