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Developmental Dyslexia has been a subject of interest to practitioners for more than a century. Despite its long research history, however, dyslexia (the terms specific reading disability, reading disability and learning disability are also used interchangeably in this volume) still provides a challenge for contemporary cognitive psychology, education, neurology and physiology. By bringing together contributions from researchers and scholars working in a wide range of fields and perspectives, it is hoped that this publication will offer a means of considering different facets of dyslexia, and enable a greater understanding of reading disorders and their remediation to emerge. The book is divided into eight major sections, the focus in each section being on a different facet of dyslexia. It is hoped this framework enables the reader to assimilate the wide range of pure and applied research and even give rise to a new perspective for the understanding of dyslexia.
Defining dyslexia -- Redefining dyslexia: A fresh look at the challenges and the flip-side strengths -- Redifining dyslexia: A whole person view -- Rethinking llearning - Reading --Rethinking learning - Spelling -- Rethinking learning - Writing -- Revisioning dyslexia intervention -- Appendices.
Instrumental Music for Dyslexics is written mainly for music teachers. It describes dyslexia in layman's terms and explains how the various problems which a dyslexic may have can affect all aspects of learning to play a musical instrument. It alerts the music teacher with a problem pupil to the possibilities of that pupil's having some form of dyslexia. Although Sheila Oglethorpe is primarily a piano teacher the general principle behind most, if not all, the suggestions is such that they can be adapted for use by other instrumentalists. The book presents ways in which the music teacher can contribute to the self esteem and thereby the general welfare of the dyslexic pupil who is often musically gifted and has much to offer. The book will also be of interest to dyslexia specialists who have hitherto directed their concentration towards the language-based problems of the dyslexic.
This volume addresses the question of how different brain activity measures may help to understand the complexity of language specific and domain general functions underlying reading, how atypical brain structures may be responsible for failures in the reading performance, and how the brain activity pattern of dyslexics may change from childhood to adulthood. It is a valuable resource for those working in the fields of psycholinguistics, speech pathology, neuropsychology, cognitive development, educational psychology, developmental psychology, child development and language acquisition.
Recent policy initiatives illuminate the need for greater teacher awareness about dyslexia in secondary and tertiary education. Yet the debates about dyslexia are often narrowly based and can exclude some teachers. This book attempts to open up the debate by bringing together different ways of talking and thinking about dyslexia. Fundamental questions about how to respond to dyslexia in teaching and support contexts are addressed and the significance of â??exploratory conversionsâ?? between learners and tutors is recognised. The need to restructure â??the structured approachâ?? and to consider meta-affectivity as well as metacognition is explored. Practitioners in both secondary and tertiary sectors can gain ready access to contributions from internationally respected writers and teachers in the field. Alan Hurstâ??s preface refers to â??this important bookâ?? as paving the way to a more truly inclusive attitude and approach to education in and beyond compulsory schooling.
This is the first book to examine in-depth the crucial role of the speed of information processing in the brain in determining reading fluency in both normal and dyslexic readers. Part I explains fluency in reading from both traditional and modern perspectives. Fluency has historically been viewed as the outcome of other reading-related factors and has often been seen as a convenient measure of reading skills. This book, however, argues that fluency has a strong impact on other aspects of reading and plays a central role in the entire reading process. Part II deals with the determinants of reading fluency. Chief among these is the speed of information processing in the brain. Using both behavioral and electrophysiological evidence, the book systematically examines the features of processing speed in the various brain systems involved in reading: visual-orthographic, auditory-phonological, and semantic and shows how speed of processing affects fluency in reading. Part III deals with the complex issues of cross-modal integration and specifically with the need for effective synchronization of the brain processes involved in reading. It puts forward the Synchronization Hypothesis and discusses the role of the Asynchrony Phenomenon as a major factor in dyslexia. Finally, it summarizes research on manipulating reading rate by means of the Acceleration method, providing evidence for a possible intervention aimed at reducing Asynchrony. Key features of this outstanding new book include: *Expanded View of Fluency. Reading fluency is seen as both a dependent and an independent Variable. Currently available books focus on reading rate solely as the outcome of other factors whereas this volume stresses that it is both an outcome and a cause. *Information Processing Focus. Fluency itself is determined to a large extent by a more general factor, namely, speed of processing in the brain. The book presents wide-ranging evidence for individual differences in speed of processing across many subpopulations. *Brain Synchronization Focus. The book posits a new theory arguing that effective reading requires synchronization of the different brain systems: visual orthographic, auditory-phonological, and semantic. *Research-Based Interventions. Interventions to enhance fluency and, thereby, reading skills in general are presented in detail. *Author Expertise. Zvia Breznitz is Head of the Department of Learning Disabilities and Director of the Laboratory for Neurocognitive Research at Haifa University in Israel, where she has been researching this topic for over a decade. This book is appropriate for researchers and advanced students in reading, dyslexia, learning disabilities, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology.
Recent advances in neuroimaging and genetics technologies have enhanced our understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders in adults. The authors in this volume not only discuss such advances as they apply to adults with learning disorders, but also address their translation into clinical practice. One cluster of chapters addresses developmental concerns as children and adolescents with learning disorders approach young adulthood. Experts discuss dyslexia, language-based and writing disorders, perhaps the most widely studied group of learning disorders, from the point of view of neuroimaging and genetic underpinnings. Chapters on the neuroscience of nonverbal, math and executive function disorders are also included. Clinically-oriented chapters with case studies, recommendations for accommodation, and considerations for evaluation follow. Study of specialized populations - such as late high school students, college, medical and law students - further demonstrate how our expanded knowledge base may be applicable to clinical practice. The heterogeneity of adults with learning disorders, the complexity of their clinical presentation and co-existing disorders are addressed from both a scientific and clinical point of view demonstrating how empirical research and clinical practice inform each other. This volume will enhance the practice of clinicians and educators working with adults with neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as providing essential current information for researchers of adults with learning disorders.
A useful guide to best practice including reviews of the latest and most helpful tests available. In Part One, contributors discuss the theory of reading assessment including issues such as screening, legal aspects, memory and visual problems, computer based assessment and the dyslexias. Part Two contains the review section where experts give comprehensive reviews of named tests.
Some of the best vision scientists in the world in their respective fields have contributed to chapters in this book. They have expertise in a wide variety of fields, including bioengineering, basic and clinical visual science, medicine, neurophysiology, optometry, and psychology. Their combined efforts have resulted in a high quality book that covers modeling and quantitative analysis of optical, neurosensory, oculomotor, perceptual and clinical systems. It includes only those techniques and models that have such fundamentally strong physiological, control system, and perceptual bases that they will serve as foundations for models and analysis techniques in the future. The book is aimed first towards seniors and beginning graduate students in biomedical engineering, neurophysiology, optometry, and psychology, who will gain a broad understanding of quantitative analysis of the visual system. In addition, it has sufficient depth in each area to be useful as an updated reference and tutorial for graduate and post-doctoral students, as well as general vision scientists.