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A basic problem in differential geometry is to find canonical metrics on manifolds. The best known example of this is the classical uniformization theorem for Riemann surfaces. Extremal metrics were introduced by Calabi as an attempt at finding a higher-dimensional generalization of this result, in the setting of Kähler geometry. This book gives an introduction to the study of extremal Kähler metrics and in particular to the conjectural picture relating the existence of extremal metrics on projective manifolds to the stability of the underlying manifold in the sense of algebraic geometry. The book addresses some of the basic ideas on both the analytic and the algebraic sides of this picture. An overview is given of much of the necessary background material, such as basic Kähler geometry, moment maps, and geometric invariant theory. Beyond the basic definitions and properties of extremal metrics, several highlights of the theory are discussed at a level accessible to graduate students: Yau's theorem on the existence of Kähler-Einstein metrics, the Bergman kernel expansion due to Tian, Donaldson's lower bound for the Calabi energy, and Arezzo-Pacard's existence theorem for constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics on blow-ups.
This monograph introduces readers to locally conformally Kähler (LCK) geometry and provides an extensive overview of the most current results. A rapidly developing area in complex geometry dealing with non-Kähler manifolds, LCK geometry has strong links to many other areas of mathematics, including algebraic geometry, topology, and complex analysis. The authors emphasize these connections to create a unified and rigorous treatment of the subject suitable for both students and researchers. Part I builds the necessary foundations for those approaching LCK geometry for the first time with full, mostly self-contained proofs and also covers material often omitted from textbooks, such as contact and Sasakian geometry, orbifolds, Ehresmann connections, and foliation theory. More advanced topics are then treated in Part II, including non-Kähler elliptic surfaces, cohomology of holomorphic vector bundles on Hopf manifolds, Kuranishi and Teichmüller spaces for LCK manifolds with potential, and harmonic forms on Sasakian and Vaisman manifolds. Each chapter in Parts I and II begins with motivation and historic context for the topics explored and includes numerous exercises for further exploration of important topics. Part III surveys the current research on LCK geometry, describing advances on topics such as automorphism groups on LCK manifolds, twisted Hamiltonian actions and LCK reduction, Einstein-Weyl manifolds and the Futaki invariant, and LCK geometry on nilmanifolds and on solvmanifolds. New proofs of many results are given using the methods developed earlier in the text. The text then concludes with a chapter that gathers over 100 open problems, with context and remarks provided where possible, to inspire future research. .
The appearance of mapping class groups in mathematics is ubiquitous. The book presents 23 papers containing problems about mapping class groups, the moduli space of Riemann surfaces, Teichmuller geometry, and related areas. Each paper focusses completely on open problems and directions. The problems range in scope from specific computations, to broad programs. The goal is to have a rich source of problems which have been formulated explicitly and accessibly. The book is divided into four parts. Part I contains problems on the combinatorial and (co)homological group-theoretic aspects of mapping class groups, and the way in which these relate to problems in geometry and topology. Part II concentrates on connections with classification problems in 3-manifold theory, the theory of symplectic 4-manifolds, and algebraic geometry. A wide variety of problems, from understanding billiard trajectories to the classification of Kleinian groups, can be reduced to differential and synthetic geometry problems about moduli space. Such problems and connections are discussed in Part III. Mapping class groups are related, both concretely and philosophically, to a number of other groups, such as braid groups, lattices in semisimple Lie groups, and automorphism groups of free groups. Part IV concentrates on problems surrounding these relationships. This book should be of interest to anyone studying geometry, topology, algebraic geometry or infinite groups. It is meant to provide inspiration for everyone from graduate students to senior researchers.
Eigenfunctions of the Laplacian of a Riemannian manifold can be described in terms of vibrating membranes as well as quantum energy eigenstates. This book is an introduction to both the local and global analysis of eigenfunctions. The local analysis of eigenfunctions pertains to the behavior of the eigenfunctions on wavelength scale balls. After re-scaling to a unit ball, the eigenfunctions resemble almost-harmonic functions. Global analysis refers to the use of wave equation methods to relate properties of eigenfunctions to properties of the geodesic flow. The emphasis is on the global methods and the use of Fourier integral operator methods to analyze norms and nodal sets of eigenfunctions. A somewhat unusual topic is the analytic continuation of eigenfunctions to Grauert tubes in the real analytic case, and the study of nodal sets in the complex domain. The book, which grew out of lectures given by the author at a CBMS conference in 2011, provides complete proofs of some model results, but more often it gives informal and intuitive explanations of proofs of fairly recent results. It conveys inter-related themes and results and offers an up-to-date comprehensive treatment of this important active area of research.
This is the first of two volumes representing the current state of knowledge about Enriques surfaces which occupy one of the classes in the classification of algebraic surfaces. Recent improvements in our understanding of algebraic surfaces over fields of positive characteristic allowed us to approach the subject from a completely geometric point of view although heavily relying on algebraic methods. Some of the techniques presented in this book can be applied to the study of algebraic surfaces of other types. We hope that it will make this book of particular interest to a wider range of research mathematicians and graduate students. Acknowledgements. The undertaking of this project was made possible by the support of several institutions. Our mutual cooperation began at the University of Warwick and the Max Planck Institute of Mathematics in 1982/83. Most of the work in this volume was done during the visit of the first author at the University of Michigan in 1984-1986. The second author was supported during all these years by grants from the National Science Foundation.
While Eugenio Calabi is best known for his contributions to the theory of Calabi-Yau manifolds, this Steele-Prize-winning geometer’s fundamental contributions to mathematics have been far broader and more diverse than might be guessed from this one aspect of his work. His works have deep influence and lasting impact in global differential geometry, mathematical physics and beyond. By bringing together 47 of Calabi’s important articles in a single volume, this book provides a comprehensive overview of his mathematical oeuvre, and includes papers on complex manifolds, algebraic geometry, Kähler metrics, affine geometry, partial differential equations, several complex variables, group actions and topology. The volume also includes essays on Calabi’s mathematics by several of his mathematical admirers, including S.K. Donaldson, B. Lawson and S.-T. Yau, Marcel Berger; and Jean Pierre Bourguignon. This book is intended for mathematicians and graduate students around the world. Calabi’s visionary contributions will certainly continue to shape the course of this subject far into the future.
Systematically develops the theory of Frobenius splittings and covers all its major developments. Concise, efficient exposition unfolds from basic introductory material on Frobenius splittings—definitions, properties and examples—to cutting edge research.
The Proceedings of the ICM publishes the talks, by invited speakers, at the conference organized by the International Mathematical Union every 4 years. It covers several areas of Mathematics and it includes the Fields Medal and Nevanlinna, Gauss and Leelavati Prizes and the Chern Medal laudatios.