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Extrasensory Perception After Sixty Years: A Critical Appraisal of the Research in Extra-Sensory Perception, which was first published in 1940, represented the follow-up to parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine’s 1934 book, Extrasensory Perception. In Extrasensory Perception After Sixty Years: A Critical Appraisal of the Research in Extra-Sensory Perception, Rhine and his colleagues endeavor to present a complete review of the recent research in ESP and to include in their survey “everything that is of importance to know in deciding whether ESP occurs. and what it is like if it does occur.” Using three experiments that they believed demonstrated ESP, namely the Pearce-Pratt experiment, the Pratt-Woodruff experiment, and the Ownbey-Zirkle series, the book’s first two parts deal with the question of whether ESP does occur. The formulation of the problem is presented, the mathematical and experimental methods used in attempting its solution, a survey of results obtained, and a consideration of the adequacy of some 35 hypotheses proposed as explanations alternative to ESP. Part II presents a survey of published criticisms and critical comments invited for this volume, whilst Part III considers the nature of ESP; the incidence of ESP ability; conditions that affect ESP performance; physical relations of ESP; ESP as a psychological process. The final part sketches “the outstanding problems that still remain unsolved, the methods under contemplation by which they may possibly be solved, and the further needs and prospects which confront investigators.” The present volume includes 21 appendices, a detailed glossary, as well as a list of 361 references.
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Psychic phenomena, recorded throughout human history, remained a mystery or a matter of faith rather than a subject of serious study until scientists began to investigate them roughly a century and a half ago. Systematic experimentation began with the work of J.B. Rhine at Duke University, resulting in the publication of Extra-Sensory Perception (1934) followed by Extra-Sensory Perception After Sixty Years (1940). Rhine and researchers who came after him struggled to present sufficient evidence to gain scientific credibility for the existence of extrasensory abilities. Yet despite tight experimental controls and numerous significant results the subject remains controversial. Parapsychologists argue that the impasse is not due to a lack of evidence but to the challenge their claims pose to the worldview of science in general. This comprehensive overview of the discipline of parapsychology, written by one of its most notable investigators, offers the reader a full understanding of both its concepts, theories and methods, and its controversies, problems and prospects.
The definitive history of the military's decades-long investigation into mental powers and phenomena, from the author of Pulitzer Prize finalist The Pentagon's Brain and international bestseller Area 51. This is a book about a team of scientists and psychics with top secret clearances. For more than forty years, the U.S. government has researched extrasensory perception, using it in attempts to locate hostages, fugitives, secret bases, and downed fighter jets, to divine other nations' secrets, and even to predict future threats to national security. The intelligence agencies and military services involved include CIA, DIA, NSA, DEA, the Navy, Air Force, and Army-and even the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Now, for the first time, New York Times bestselling author Annie Jacobsen tells the story of these radical, controversial programs, using never before seen declassified documents as well as exclusive interviews with, and unprecedented access to, more than fifty of the individuals involved. Speaking on the record, many for the first time, are former CIA and Defense Department scientists, analysts, and program managers, as well as the government psychics themselves. Who did the U.S. government hire for these top secret programs, and how do they explain their military and intelligence work? How do scientists approach such enigmatic subject matter? What interested the government in these supposed powers and does the research continue? Phenomena is a riveting investigation into how far governments will go in the name of national security.
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This is the original account of the basic experiments in parapsychology at Duke University, out of which came the phrase, extra-sensory perception that now appears in all dictionaries. We originally published it in association with the Boston Society for Psychic Research, but it has been out of print for some years. The Foreword by William McDougall, author of Introduction to Social Psychology, and the Introduction by Walter Franklin Prince, who was Research Officer for the Boston Society for Psychic Research, as well as all the illustrations, have been retained, but Dr. Rhine has brought the book up-to-date and written a new Introduction especially for this edition. The book remains as Waldemar Kaempffert said originally in the New York Times, "A report that gives an account of the most important study ever made in what is known as telepathy, mindreading, and clairvoyance."
Scholars from around the world collaborate to explain the history of parapsychology, the study of extrasensory perception (ESP), and the arguments of skeptics and supporters in this fascinating collection. This two-volume set introduces ESP—also known as anomalous cognition—and psychokinesis, addressing the history, research, philosophy, and scientific theories surrounding the phenomena. With contributions from leading research scientists from within the field of parapsychology and other areas of study, this reference addresses the fundamental questions that the evidence of ESP evokes; examines parapsychology research from all over the world; and explores the controversies, skepticism, and contemporary criticism disparaging the field. Written for a multidisciplinary audience ranging from physicists to psychologists to lay persons, the volumes present the scientific validity of the field. Volume 1 addresses the historical, philosophical, skeptical, and research viewpoints; volume 2 lays out the current theories on ESP. Chapters reveal how strict scientific protocols and state-of-the-art technologies enable scientists—at sites such as Harvard and Cornell universities to their international counterparts in Amsterdam, Austria, and Asia—to pinpoint and investigate ESP abilities. Appendices include a glossary of key terms in parapsychology, ESP research protocol, ESP research organizations, skeptic associations, and recommended reading.