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Exterior Ballistics with Applications Skydiving, Parachute Fall, Flying Fragments presents a modern approach to introduce the basics of exterior ballistics and its methods from the simple ideal model of projectile motion to the automatic solution of the differential equations of projectile flight using PC programs. The book uses different approaches to solve the differential equations of projectile motion among them the Siacci method and the numerical methods. The results obtained through the integration of differential equations of projectile flight are mostly analytical formulas that describe the projectile trajectory and make the exterior ballistics a comprehensible science. The Differential Equations of Projectile Flight are also integrated numerically using some original PC programs that can be easily modified to be used in similar scenarios or other new ones and give the reader the possibility to solve a great variety of Exterior Ballistics problem. Exterior Ballistics with Applications can be considered as an interdisciplinary applied mathematics and physics manuscript for the vast mathematics and physics models and techniques employed. It is a great source for applications in physics, calculus, differential equations, numerical methods, and PC programming as well. The book is illustrated with about 140 solved examples related to different artillery and infantry firearms that demonstrate the use of formulas and the solution methods of ballistics to find the elements of projectile trajectories. Exterior Ballistics with Applications includes as well two interesting topics that can be considered as applications of exterior ballistics: 1. Skydiving and parachute falling related with the trajectory of a parachutist launched from a horizontally flying airplane with un-deployed parachute, in different meteorological conditions, and in presence of air resistance and wind. 2. The ballistics of projectile fragments that is an important element of Terminal Ballistics necessary to study the effectiveness of fragmentation ammunitions on the personnel and objects, and other problems related with the construction of fragmentation ammunitions, or with Forensic Sciences. Exterior Ballistics with Applications is comprehensive and serves as reference material to provide answers to problems encountered in the practice of motion of unguided projectiles, skydiving and flying fragments of antipersonnel ammunitions.
Modern Exterior Ballistics is a comprehensive text covering the basic free flight dynamics of symmetric projectiles. The book provides a historical perspective of early developments in the 19th century, the technology leading to World War I and that through World War II into the modern post-war era. Historical topics include the first ballistic firing tables, early wind tunnel experiments, the development of free flight spark ranges and the first supercomputer, ENIAC, which was designed to compute artillery trajectories for the U.S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory. The level of the text requires an undergraduate education in mathematics, physics, and mechanical or aerospace engineering. The basic principles of ballistic science are developed from a comprehensive definition of the aerodynamic forces that control the flight dynamics of symmetric projectiles. The author carefully starts with the basic vacuum point mass trajectory, adds the effects of drag, discusses the action of winds, simple flat fire approximations, Coriolis effects and concludes with the classic modified point mass trajectories. Included in the discussion are analytical methods, change of variables from time to distance, numerical solutions and a chapter on the Siacci Method. The Siacci Method provides a historical perspective for computing flat fire trajectories by simple quadrature and is used in the sporting arms industy. The final six chapters of the book present an extensive physical and mathematical analysis of the motion of symmetric projectiles. The linearized equations of angular and swerving motion are derived in detail. The effects of mass asymmetry, in-bore yaw, cross wind and launch in a slipstream are discussed. Special consideration is given to the derivation and explanation of aerodynamic jump. These subjects are then expanded to include a complete chapter on nonlinear aerodynamic forces and moments. The final chapter in the book presents an overview of experimental methods for measuring the flight dynamics of projectiles. The great forte of Modern Exterior Ballistics is the author's effort to provide many fine specific examples of projectile motion illustrating key flight behaviors. The extensive collection of data on projectiles from small arms to artillery used to substantiate calculations and examples is alone a valuable reference. The ultimate joy of the book is the incomparable comprehensive set of flow field shadow graphs illustrating the entire spectrum of projectile flight from subsonic, through transonic and supersonic. The volume is a necessary addition to any undergraduate or graduate course in flight dynamics.
"Elements of Exterior Ballistics: Long Range Shooting" is a concise but comprehensive instructive book on exterior ballistics applied into long-range shooting with small arms. The foundations of the book are innovatively related to the exterior ballistics of point-mass projectile as well as to the new findings and contemporary ballistics methods presented in my preceding books. The book is designed for exterior ballistics professionals, amateurs, and competitive shooters interested in long-range shooting and, in general, in exterior ballistics. Though the exterior ballistics applications are related to long-range shootings with small arms, the reader can easily extend the ballistics techniques to the artillery fire. The book has a large number of illustration examples to demonstrate the exterior ballistics solving techniques and to help the readers understand the ballistics concepts and principles as well as the challenging theoretical and practical applications.
With new chapters, homework problems, case studies, figures, and examples, Ballistics: Theory and Design of Guns and Ammunition, Third Edition encourages superior design and innovative applications in the field of ballistics. It examines the analytical and computational tools for predicting a weapon’s behavior in terms of pressure, stress, and velocity, demonstrating their applications in ammunition and weapons design. New coverage in the Third Edition includes gas-powered guns, and naval ordinance. With its thorough coverage of interior, exterior and terminal ballistics, this new edition continues to be the standard resource for those studying the technology of guns and ammunition.
Exterior Ballistics: A New Approach presents the exterior ballistics of point-mass projectiles based on the analytical G-drag functions (G1, G2, ... G7, G8, Siacci’s G-function, etc.) and on the “projectile trajectory-streamline and Snell’s law” model that is a fundamental result obtained by applying, to the flight of projectiles, the postulate of Sir Isaac Newton on the wave nature of moving bodies and his interpretation of the Snell’s law on refraction of waves. The impressive outcomes obtained solving exterior ballistics problems employing Snell’s law demonstrate that the flight of objects can be quantitatively described using wave properties of particles. The WONDERS of Using Snell’s Law in Exterior Ballistics Exterior Ballistics: A New Approach is a unique book in the literature of exterior ballistics for the original methods introduced to solve the exterior ballistics problems and particularly for the use of Snell’s law in exterior ballistics. Backed with in-depth discussions based on comprehensive research and study, Exterior Ballistics: A New Approach provides original solutions in solving exterior ballistics problems especially employing the “projectile trajectory-streamline and Snell’s law” model. The use of Snell’s law simplifies the ballistics calculations reducing them to simple mathematics operations. Exterior Ballistics: A New Approach is an excellent reference book that provides answers to problems encountered in the practice of motion of unguided projectiles fired by artillery and small arms. The book has around 80 solved exterior ballistics problems that illustrate the theoretical topics, guide and help the reader to solve similar and new ballistics problems. There are included four compact types of original universal PC programs that enable the reader to solve any exterior ballistics problem as well as the ballistics problems related with fire control of unguided projectiles. Exterior Ballistics: A New Approach is an informative book highly recommended to students, professors, and novice, military students and faculty, as well as to experienced ballisticians.
The science of small arms ballistics is seriously underdeveloped and underappreciated. This unique and different book is a comprehensive study that fills a legitimate need for a work that covers the engineering and theory of small arms ballistics. The author shares his extensive research on working out the science of small arm ballistics mathematically and explains his theories, such as the field-effect and the field-effect over trajectory and time, along with new theories on interior, exterior, and terminal ballistics. Each equation describes a mathematical relationship, such as transfer of energy, and has an engineering application to help solve a design problem. Some equations, such as the calculation of bullet length with a given muzzle velocity and rate of twist, represent manipulations of those equations. Some other equations represent a set of mathematical instructions to resolve a technical problem, such as the computation of trajectory or depth of penetration of living tissue in real-time.
Providing new chapters, homework problems, case studies, figures, and examples, Ballistics: Theory and Design of Guns and Ammunition, Second Edition encourages superior design and innovative applications in the field of ballistics. It examines the analytical and computational tools used to predict a weapon’s behavior in terms of pressure, stress, and velocity, demonstrating their applications in ammunition and weapons design. What’s New in the Second Edition: Includes computer examples in Mathcad (available on the CRC website) Adds a section of color plates, to better help readers visualize the physical concepts of ballistics Contains sections on modern explosives equations of state for detonation physics modeling and on probability of hit Provides a solutions manual for those teaching college and training courses This book covers exterior ballistics, exploring the physics behind trajectories, including linear and nonlinear aeroballistics, and focuses on the effects of projective impact, including details on shock physics, shaped charges, penetration, fragmentation, and wound ballistics. Reviews and integrates the fundamental science and engineering concepts involved in guns and ammunition Uses straightforward, easy-to-read style, and careful development of complex topics Shares insights rooted in the experience of renowned experts, many associated with the National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA) and International Ballistics Society The field of ballistics comprises three main areas of specialization: interior, exterior, and terminal ballistics. This book explains all three areas, offering a seamless presentation of the complex phenomena that occur during the launch, flight, and impact of a projectile.
Terminal Ballistics: A Text and Atlas of Gunshot Wounds is a comprehensive guide that explains the science of forensic ballistics - focusing on the hardware, injury patterns, and forensic techniques associated with gunshot wounds. The text begins by describing the anatomy and design of basic firearms and the fundamental components of ammunition rou
Ballistics deals with the mechanics of projectiles. A primary aspect of study under this field are bullets. It delves into the launch, effects and behavior of bullets. The designing of projectiles is also a significant aspect of this subject. Ballistics has four sub-fields namely terminal ballistics, internal ballistics, transitional ballistics, and external ballistics. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of ballistics and how such concepts have practical applications. It elucidates the modern aspects and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to ballistics. This textbook is meant for students who are looking for an elaborate reference text on ballistics.