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Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Gender Studies, grade: 1,7, University of Newcastle upon Tyne (Communication and Culture), language: English, abstract: Lots of researchers define sex as a biological categorization, classifying people as male or female based on their sex organs (Basow 1992, Eckert & Mc-Connell-Ginet 2003) and interpret gender as the social forming of the biological sex. (Eckert & Mc-Connell-Ginet 2003). Butler agrees that gender is the cultural meaning of the sexed body but points out that the sexed body must not match with the biological sex. What this means is that the category ‘women’ can contain people with a male and a female body, it is the same with the classification ‘men’. For Butler, sex or the sexed body is a cultural defined category of gender (Butler 1990). There is lots of research in the field of gender differences in language use. This essay looked at varieties between the genders in verbal and nonverbal communication with the aim to find out which variables characterize the language use of each gender. In the field of talkativeness the researchers got opposite results, therefore nothing can be said about which gender has a larger amount of the conversation. Looking at the other points of comparison between the genders, it could be detected that woman use more affiliative speech which includes the use of different stylistic devices to avoid making a clear statements. Besides, the observation of their visual behaviour showed that women use their view for orientation and as a source for information (e.g. about their communication partner). Furthermore, they use eye contact for getting a feedback about their own behaviour from their communication partner, feeling uncomfortable when they can’t see their opposite. In addition women are more involved, use more expressions and feel easily embarrassed. Overall these results indicate unambiguously that women have a submissive communication style. Men on the contrary, use affiliative speech and directives. They have a more passive visual behaviour which is mainly lead by the visual input, the researchers could not observe men looking around for feedback about their behavior. Besides, men are more socially, tireless and relaxed. Looking at this result it could be detected men having a dominate communication style.
The authors explore the many ways that gender and communication intersect and affect each other. Every chapter encourages a consideration of how gender attitudes and practices, past and current, influence personal notions of what it means not only to be female and male, but feminine and masculine. The second edition of this student friendly and accessible text is filled with contemporary examples, activities, and exercises to help students put theoretical concepts into practice.
Gender in Communication: A Critical Introduction embraces the full range of diverse gender identities and expressions to explore how gender influences communication, as well as how communication shapes our concepts of gender for the individual and for society. This comprehensive gender communication book is the first to extensively address the roles of religion, the gendered body, single-sex education, an institutional analysis of gender construction, social construction theory, and more. Throughout the book, readers are equipped with critical analysis tools they can use to form their own conclusions about the ever-changing processes of gender in communication. New to the Third Edition: Current examples in the chapter openers illustrate how a critical gendered lens is necessary and useful by discussing recent events such as Jon Stewart’s critique of the outcry over a J Crew ad, reactions to Serena Williams’s body, photos of a young boy who likes to wear dresses, and the use of Photoshop to create thigh gaps. Updated chapters on voices, work, education, and family reflect major shifts in the state of knowledge. Expanded sections on trans and gender nonconforming reflect changes in language. All other chapters have been updated with new examples, new concepts, and new research. More than 500 new sources have been integrated throughout, and new sections on debates over bathroom bills, intensive mothering, humor, swearing, and Title IX have been added. "His" and "her" pronouns have been replaced with "they" in most cases, even if the reference is singular, in an effort to be more inclusive.
As a perceptive and outstanding assessment, Communicating Power and Gender examines the relationships between gender and power and how they are linked to and transformed by the communication process. Within this discussion a host of correlations emerge, crossing social, cultural, historical, political, and racial spheres. In order to anchor their discussion Borisoff and Chesebro define the terms gender, power, and communication, which provides an operational platform from which to view fundamental issues such as the effects of stereotyping and verbal and nonverbal communication by gender. The authors also consider four contexts that shape and influence gender socialization and sex-role constructions: mediated communication and gender roles in various media systems, early socialization in the home, the educational landscape, and women and men in the workplace. Our environment continually generates new kinds of questions and associations. The more we interact with others the more we realize that our relationships are not fixedthey exist in a state of flux. Communicating Power and Gender explores not only how gender-based issues affect us daily, but also how gender-based communication can be more sensitively, usefully, and effectively employed.
What's It Like, Living Green? provides stories about families who live green, kids who are making a difference for the earth and suggestions for things you can do to make a difference.
Intends to better equip readers with tools with which they can examine, and make sense of, the intersections of communication and gender. This text covers the variety of ways in which communication of and about gender and sex enables and constrains people's intersectional identities.
Taking a cross-disciplinary approach, Suzanne Romaine's main concern is to show how language and discourse play key roles in understanding and communicating gender and culture. In addition to linguistics--which provides the starting point and central focus of the book--she draws on the fields of anthropology, biology, communication, education, economics, history, literary criticism, philosophy, psychology, and sociology. The text covers the "core" areas in the study of language and gender, including how and where gender is indexed in language, how men and women speak, how children acquire gender differentiated language, and sexism in language and language reform. Although most of the examples are drawn primarily from English, other European languages and non-European languages, such as Japanese are considered. The text is written in an accessible way so that no prior knowledge of linguistics is necessary to understand the chapters containing linguistic analysis. Each chapter is followed by exercises and discussion questions to facilitate the book's use as a classroom text. The author reviews scholarly treatments of gender, and then uses her own data material from the corpora of spoken and written English usage. Special features include an examination of contemporary media sources such as newspapers, advertising, and television; a discussion of women's speculative fiction; a study of gender and advertising, with special attention paid to the role played by language in these domains; and a review of French feminist thought, particularly as it relates to the issue of language reform.
From the bestselling authors of The Go-Giver, Go-Givers Sell More, and The Go-Giver Leader comes another compelling parable about the paradox of getting ahead by placing other people's interests first. The Go-Giver Influencer is a story about two young, ambitious businesspeople: Gillian Waters, the chief buyer for Smith & Banks, a midsized company that operates a national chain of pet accessory stores; and Jackson Hill, the founder of Angels Clothed in Fur, a small but growing manufacturer of all-natural pet foods. Each has something the other wants. To Jackson, Smith & Banks represents the possibility of reaching more animals with his products--if he can negotiate terms and conditions that will protect his company's integrity. To Gillian, Angels Clothed in Fur could give her company a distinctive, uniquely high-quality line that will help them stand out from their competitors--if Angels Clothed in Fur can be persuaded to give them an exclusive. At first, the negotiations are adversarial and frustrating. Then, coincidentally, Gillian and Jackson each encounter a mysterious yet kindly mentor. Over the next week, while neither one realizes the other is doing the same, both Gillian and Jackson learn the heart of both mentors' philosophies: The Five Secrets of Genuine Influence. The story ends in a way that surprises everyone--and with lessons we can all apply in our efforts to resolve conflicts and influence others.
Gender in Applied Communication Contexts explores the intersection and integration of feminist theory as applied to four important areas: organizational communication, health communication, family communication, and instructional communication. This collection of readings links theoretical insights and contributions to pragmatic ways of improving the lives of women and men in a variety of professional and personal situations. Gender in Applied Communication Contexts is recommended for upper-division and graduate-level courses in gender and communication, feminist theory, organizational communication, health communication, instructional communication, and applied communication. This anthology is also recommended as a research resource for scholars in Women's Studies, Family Studies, and Business and Management.