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Explicitation has been studied as a Translation Universal in corpus-based translation studies by several scholars, yet its features in interpreting have only been mildly touched upon. Given the obvious differences between translation and interpreting, it is worthwhile exploring whether explicitation has any distinct features in interpreting. This study offers a novel view of explicitation in consecutive interpreting (CI) by investigating the effects of interpreters’ professional experience and interpreting direction on interpreters’ explicitation patterns. It not only validates but also quantifies the differences in explicitation patterns between professional and student interpreters as well as between interpreting from A (Chinese) to B (English) language and vice versa. The established theoretical frameworks (including a typology framework and a process-oriented explanatory framework) and the data collected from various channels may provide methodological and empirical support for further studies on explicitation or other shifts occurring in interpreting. The tendencies and principles of explicitation identified by the study may also shed light on the training of CI. This volume is intended to act as a useful reference for scholars, practitioners, interpreters, graduate and advanced undergraduate students, and anyone who shows interest in explicitation, interpreting expertise, interpreting directionality and interpreting training.
A millennial practice which emerged as a profession only in the twentieth century, interpreting has recently come into its own as a subject of academic study. This book introduces students, researchers and practitioners to the fast-developing discipline of Interpreting Studies. Written by a leading researcher in the field, Introducing Interpreting Studies covers interpreting in all its varied forms, from international conference to community-based settings, in both spoken and signed modalities. The book first guides the reader through the evolution of the field, reviewing influential concepts, models and methodological approaches. It then presents the main areas of research on interpreting, and identifies present and future trends in Interpreting Studies. Featuring chapter summaries, guides to the main points covered, and suggestions for further reading, Franz Pöchhacker’s practical and user-friendly textbook is the definitive map of this important and growing discipline. Introducing Interpreting Studies gives a comprehensive overview of the field and offers guidance to those undertaking research of their own. The book is complemented by The Interpreting Studies Reader (Routledge, 2002), a collection of seminal contributions to research in Interpreting Studies, and by the comprehensive Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies (Routledge, 2015).
This book addresses the complexities of the translation process. Informed by theoretical and methodological advances in translation studies, research on writing and the expertise paradigm, it explores translation as a text reproduction task. With triangulation of data from Russian-Swedish translation – think-aloud-methodology and computer logging of the writing process - it makes a cross-sectional comparison of subjects with different amounts of translation experience, highlighting crucial aspects of professional competence and expertise in translation. The book also elaborates a method for a combined product and process analysis, applying it to the study of one type of explicitation: increased cohesive explicitness of the target text. The results have implications for translation theory and pedagogy. This volume will be of interest to translation scholars and translator trainers, irrespective of language combination, as well as to specialists in Russian and Swedish. It will also appeal to researchers on expertise in other domains.
Simultaneous interpretation is among the most complex of human cognitive/linguistic activities. This study, which will interest practitioners and trainers as well as linguists, draws more on linguistics-based theories of cognition in communication (cognitive semantics and pragmatics) than on the traditional information-processing approaches of cognitive psychology, and shows SI to be a valuable source of data on language and cognition.Starting from semantic representations of input and output in samples of professional SI from Chinese and German into English, the analysis explains the classic phenomena – anticipation, restoration of the implicit-explicit balance, and communicative re-packaging (‘re-ostension’) of the discourse – in terms of an intermediate cognitive model in working memory, allowing a more unitary view of resource management in the SI task. Relevance-theoretic analysis of the input discourse reveals rich pragmatic information guiding the construction of the appropriate contexts and the speaker’s underlying intentionalities. The course of meaning assembly is reconstructed in annotated synchronised transcripts.
Selected papers from a lively conference on the state of the art in translator and interpreter training. Topics range from culture specific problems (in Iran, South Africa and Canada, for instance) to the internationalization of the profession. The book is brim-full of teaching ideas and strategies: problems of assessment, teaching translators to be professional and business oriented, using cognitive methods, terminology management, technical translation, literary translation, theory and practice, simultaneous/consecutive interpreting, subtitling and many other related topics.
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The Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies is the authoritative reference for anyone with an academic or professional interest in interpreting. Drawing on the expertise of an international team of specialist contributors, this single-volume reference presents the state of the art in interpreting studies in a much more fine-grained matrix of entries than has ever been seen before. For the first time all key issues and concepts in interpreting studies are brought together and covered systematically and in a structured and accessible format. With all entries alphabetically arranged, extensively cross-referenced and including suggestions for further reading, this text combines clarity with scholarly accuracy and depth, defining and discussing key terms in context to ensure maximum understanding and ease of use. Practical and unique, this Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies presents a genuinely comprehensive overview of the fast growing and increasingly diverse field of interpreting studies.
The Routledge Handbook of Interpreting and Cognition provides an overview of the interrelated nature of interpreting and cognition. The Handbook presents in-depth discussions of cognitive aspects of the task of interpreting and how researchers and practitioners alike have applied these findings to the practice of interpreting. With contributions from scholars working within multiple theoretical and methodological paradigms across various disciplines, this Handbook allows readers to engage with current thinking on cognitive processes, behaviors, and activities in a single space. The volume traces the historical progression of cognitive inquiry into interpreting on various topics, highlighting methodological advances and possibilities that can further our understanding of this cross-language activity. With an editor’s introduction and 25 chapters by global authorities, the Handbook offers broad coverage of cognitive aspects of interpreting while identifying new avenues for future research. This is an essential reference for students and researchers of interpreting in translation and interpreting studies as well as those interested in cognitive aspects of interpreting in bilingualism, second-language acquisition, cognitive psychology, and beyond.
Empirical research is carried out in a cyclic way: approaching a research area bottom-up, data lead to interpretations and ideally to the abstraction of laws, on the basis of which a theory can be derived. Deductive research is based on a theory, on the basis of which hypotheses can be formulated and tested against the background of empirical data. Looking at the state-of-the-art in translation studies, either theories as well as models are designed or empirical data are collected and interpreted. However, the final step is still lacking: so far, empirical data has not lead to the formulation of theories or models, whereas existing theories and models have not yet been comprehensively tested with empirical methods. This publication addresses these issues from several perspectives: multi-method product- as well as process-based research may gain insights into translation as well as interpreting phenomena. These phenomena may include cognitive and organizational processes, procedures and strategies, competence and performance, translation properties and universals, etc. Empirical findings about the deeper structures of translation and interpreting will reduce the gap between translation and interpreting practice and model and theory building. Furthermore, the availability of more large-scale empirical testing triggers the development of models and theories concerning translation and interpreting phenomena and behavior based on quantifiable, replicable and transparent data.
This Handbook offers a comprehensive grounding in key issues of corpus-informed translation studies, while showcasing the diverse range of topics, applications, and developments of corpus linguistics. In recent decades there has been a proliferation of scholarly activity that applies corpus linguistics in diverse ways to translation studies (TS). The relative ease of availability of corpora and text analysis programs has made corpora an increasingly accessible and useful tool for practising translators and for scholars and students of translation studies. This Handbook first provides an overview of the discipline and presents detailed chapters on specific areas, such as the design and analysis of multilingual corpora; corpus analysis of the language of translated texts; the use of corpora to analyse literary translation; corpora and critical translation studies; and the application of corpora in specific fields, such as bilingual lexicography, machine translation, and cognitive translation studies. Addressing a range of core thematic areas in translation studies, the volume also covers the role corpora play in translator education and in aspects of the study of minority and endangered languages. The authors set the stage for the exploration of the intersection between corpus linguistics and translation studies, anticipating continued growth and refinement in the field. This volume provides an essential orientation for translators and TS scholars, teachers, and students who are interested in learning the applications of corpus linguistics to the practice and study of translation.