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Under the influence of cognitivism, explanations in everyday life constitute a major research theme in social psychology today. Studies are divided into two large domains: those of "locus of control" and causal attribution approaches. Work and organizational psychologists have not hesitated to take an interest in this research. They have made use of it to enrich their own investigations: thus the classical models of organizational psychology such as leadership and motivation have given way to explanation processes. But the study of these processes has also contributed to shedding light on the actions of practitioners. Explanations are in fact at the heart of many practices of work and organizational social psychology. They play a part in situations of recruitment, assessment, organizational consultation, and so on. This special issue will aim to present a synthesis of the large body of research devoted to "explanations in organizations".
This book provides a comprehensive summary of the major theories meant to explain the way business and other organizations work, why they look and act as they do, and what makes some succeed and others fail. Among the many different approaches to the subject, no one school of thought accurately reflects current thinking on these issues. The author presents a much-needed overview of thirty of the major theories that underpin Organization Theory and Economic Organization. Each theory is summarized in a stand-alone fashion, allowing each chapter to be used either in complement or as a separate perspective. Integration of the various topics and perspectives is accomplished within section introductions and in the overall introduction and conclusion to the text. The goal of this book is to inform students of the main issues confronting organizations, the main theoretical ideas within the different paradigms, why it is important to theorize about organizations, how these theories are constructed, and how learning is improved by scanning multiple perspectives. It can be used as a stand-alone uourse text or supplementary text for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses in Organization Theory.
This innovative book presents state-of-the-art thinking on using transactional analysis (TA) to change the structure, relationships and culture in organizations. The book is arranged according to the three levels of organizations described by Eric Berne – the structural, interpersonal and psychodynamic levels – and the chapters expand on his concepts at each level. With contributions by an international range of authors, incorporating a selection of practical case studies, the book illuminates key themes including group and team dynamics, psychological safety, emotion and, most foundationally, boundaries. Exploring the tensions of boundaries that can determine both the stability of a system as well as its innovative potential, this book provides a strong structural framework for TA coaches, consultants and analysts, as well as other professionals working with and within organizations.
This book is a practical guide to eoereadinge the culture of organizations and to understanding the implications of culture for organizational effectiveness.Beginning with an explanation of the theories of organizational culture, the book provides guidance on collecting information, leading students through qualitative research methods of observation, interviewing, and analyzing written texts. Students come away equipped to apply cultural insights to fostering diversity, supporting organizational change, making leadership more dynamic, understanding the link between ethics and culture, and achieving personal growth.
Organizational Transactional Analysis is a discipline whose focus is on enabling effective communication at all levels of the organization. It looks at development and change from the individual, team, department and organizational levels. This book, and Organizational TA as a whole, operates from an assumption of health – this is a very different approach from other communication methodologies which tend to focus on the problems. TA focuses on building on what is already working, rather than what isn't. From their many years of experience, Anita Mountain and Chris Davidson are convinced that TA offers everyone within the workforce different options on how to relate. Working Together offers up-to-date theory developed by the authors through their extensive knowledge of TA and of the business world. The clear explanations and diagrams in the book outline how you can develop and maintain effective communication and be aware of the processes involved in carrying out decisions and strategies. With chapters on how to apply TA in the workplace Working Together is a down-to-earth yet intelligent read and an important resource for those who wish to improve the quality of relationships and improve productivity. It will be of value to individuals, leaders and managers at all levels. Whether the issue is emotional intelligence, stress, poor communication or different departmental/regional perspectives, this book offers a toolkit of resources to support the people processes aspects of the business.
When Organizations and Environments was originally issued in 1979, it increased interest in evolutionary explanations of organizational change. Since then, scholars and practitioners have widely cited the book for its innovative answer to this question: Under what conditions do organizations change? Aldrich achieves theoretical integration across 13 chapters by using an evolutionary model that captures the essential features of relations between organizations and their environments. This model explains organizational change by focusing on the processes of variation, selection, retention, and struggle. The "environment," as conceived by Aldrich, does not refer simply to elements "out there"—beyond a set of focal organizations—but rather to concentrations of resources, power, political domination, and most concretely, other organizations. Scholars using Aldrich's model have examined the societal context within which founders create organizations and whether those organizations survive or fail, rise to prominence, or sink into obscurity. A preface to the reprinted edition frames the utility of this classic for tomorrow's researchers and businesspeople.
Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence and Learning, and Complexity is the component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence and Learning, and Complexity in the Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources provides the latest scientific insights into the evolution of complexity in both the natural and social realms. Emerging perspectives from the fields of knowledge management, computer-based simulation and the organizational sciences are presented as tools for understanding and supporting this evolving complexity and the earth's life support systems. These three volumes are aimed at the following a wide spectrum of audiences from the merely curious to those seeking in-depth knowledge: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Applied behavior analysts use applied research to create and implement effective evidence-based procedures in schools, homes, and the community, which have proved effective in addressing behaviors associated with autism and other developmental disorders. The principles underlying this therapeutic approach have been increasingly effective when applied to other populations, settings, and behaviors. Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis explores data-based decision-making in depth to inform treatment selection for behavior change across various populations and contexts. Each chapter addresses considerations related to data collection, single-case research design methodology, objective decision-making, and visual inspection of data. The authors reference a range of published research methods in the area of applied behavior analysis (ABA) as it has been applied to specific topics, as well as utilizing their own clinical work by providing numerous case examples. - Reviews current evidence-based practices to provide a comprehensive guide to the application of ABA principles across a range of clinical contexts and applications - Divides clinical applications into three sections for ease-of-use: child, adult, and broad-based health - Explores the breadth of ABA-based treatment beyond autism and developmental disorders - Draws upon a range of subject-matter experts who have clinical and research experience across multiple uses of ABA
In Managing Change in Organizations, Stefan Sveningsson and Nadja Sörgärde explore a broad range of perspectives on change management, encouraging critical reflection and making sense of a complex field of theories. Their unique approach based around three key perspectives of change will help students understand: How change is accomplished – the tool perspective What change means for those involved – the process perspective And Why is change initiated (and is it necessary) – the critical perspective This focus on the common how, what and why questions offers students the chance to learn pragmatic tools for managing change, as well as gain an in-depth understanding of different theories and their value. The book is complemented by a range of online resources including PowerPoint Slides, Multiple Choice Questions, and a selection of SAGE Business Cases and journal articles. Stefan Sveningsson is Professor of Business Administration at the School of Economics and Management, Lund University, Sweden. Nadja Sörgärde is a Senior Lecturer at the School of Economics and Management, Lund University, Sweden.
In the era of social connectedness, people are becoming increasingly enthusiastic about interacting, sharing, and collaborating through online collaborative media. However, conducting sentiment analysis on these platforms can be challenging, especially for business professionals who are using them to collect vital data. Sentiment Analysis and Knowledge Discovery in Contemporary Business is an essential reference source that discusses applications of sentiment analysis as well as data mining, machine learning algorithms, and big data streams in business environments. Featuring research on topics such as knowledge retrieval and knowledge updating, this book is ideally designed for business managers, academicians, business professionals, researchers, graduate-level students, and technology developers seeking current research on data collection and management to drive profit.