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This comprehensive volume provides the first book-length account on the politics of fossil fuel subsidies. This title is also available as Open Access.
The expansion of cross-border power transmission infrastructures and the regional integration of electricity markets are accelerating on several continents. The internationalization of trade in electric energy is embedded in an even greater transformation: the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energies and the race to net zero emissions. Against this backdrop, this book provides a comprehensive examination of the regulatory framework that governs the established and newly emerging electricity trading relations. Taking the technical and economic foundations as a starting point and thoroughly examining current developments on four continents, the book provides a global perspective on the state of the art in electricity market integration. in doing so, it focuses on the most relevant issues including transit of electricity, quantitative restrictions, market foreclosure and anti-competitive practices employed by the actors on electricity markets. In turn, the book carefully analyzes the regulatory framework provided by the WTO Agreements, the Energy Charter Treaty and other relevant preferential trade agreements. In its closing section, it moves beyond the applicable legal architecture to make concrete proposals on the future design of global trade rules specifically tailored to the electricity sector, which could provide a more reliable and transparent framework for the multilateral regulation of electricity trade.
"This volume draws on a diverse range of international academic expertise and practical experience to enhance the reader's understanding of the shortcomings of existing international trade and investment law disciplines in their application to the multi-faceted nature of energy, and to explore possible avenues to bridge the gap between different areas of international law, with the ultimate goal of paving the way to a multi-faceted and comprehensive approach to the subject matter"--
Fossil fuel subsidies strain public budgets, and contribute to climate change and local air pollution. Despite widespread agreement among experts about the benefits of reforming fossil fuel subsidies, repeated international commitments to eliminate them, and valiant efforts by some countries to reform them, they continue to persist. This book helps explain this conundrum, by exploring the politics of fossil fuel subsidies and their reform. Bringing together scholars and practitioners, the book offers new case studies both from countries that have undertaken subsidy reform, and those that have yet to do so. It explores the roles of various intergovernmental and non-governmental institutions in promoting fossil fuel subsidy reform at the international level, as well as conceptual aspects of fossil fuel subsidies. This is essential reading for researchers and practitioners, and students of political science, international relations, law, public policy, and environmental studies. This title is also available as Open Access.
Energy intersects with the environment at all stages of its life cycle by affecting nature and public health and is subject to government measures concerning low-carbon growth, energy efficiency and conservation, renewable energy and ecologically safe supply of nuclear and other energy resources. This timely book provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of international economic law in regulating such an energy-environment nexus under the regimes of the WTO, the Energy Charter Treaty, regional trade agreements and investment treaties. The author discusses the international environmental and economic law foundations of this nexus and extensively examines relevant rules, jurisprudence and practices regarding trade restrictions, subsidies, technical standards, investment protection and technology policies. This book highlights the existing gaps and 'greening' solutions within the framework of international economic law. Where relevant, it draws comparisons between trade law and investment law to show their similarities, differences and (potential) conflicts at the energy-environment interface.
In A Multifaceted Approach to Trade Liberalisation and Investment Protection in the Energy Sector, Elena Cima and Makane Moïse Mbengue assess different approaches to bridge the gap between economic and non-economic considerations in the regulation of international energy trade and investment.
Contents: Energy and Sustainability, Energy, Population Growth and Energy, Turning on the Heat, Between Wish and Reality, Not Yet Fossil Fuel, The Marrakesh Declaration, What is the WTO?, The WTO is Born, New Agenda of the WTO, High World Trade Growth Vs. Output, Overview of WTO s First Year, Overview of WTO s First Two Years, WTO Has Delivered , The Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement and the Developing Countries, Defining the Singapore Message of WTO, WTO Negotiations on Basic Telecommunications, Developing Countries and the Uruguay Round, The WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism, The WTO and the Developing Countries, World s Trade The Next Challenge, International Trade with the Consumer s Money, Developing Countries After the Uruguay Round, The Uruguay Round, Africa to Gain More, Winners and Losers, Few Signs of Hope in Africa, Trading Towards Peace, The Uruguay Round and Agricultural Reform, WTO Agricultural Negotiations, Give Developing Countries A More Favourable Deal, Beyond the Uruguay Round, Trade and Labour Standards, The Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, Opening Markets for Agriculture, The Future of Agricultural Trade.
This incisive book examines the interaction between international climate law and international trade law for the promotion of renewable energy. Alessandro Monti utilises the emerging principle of mutual supportiveness to inform and guide his analysis of the specific interactions between climate and trade law in the renewable energy sector.
Against the backdrop of energy markets that have radically changed in recent decades, this book offers an in-depth study of energy regulation in international trade law. The author seeks to clarify what we define as 'energy' in the context of the applicable international trade rules, and gives the reader a thorough analysis of the concepts, history and law of the various legal frameworks underpinning international energy trade. In addition, several case studies address the ongoing quest for energy security and show how the existing rules relate to some of the vast challenges that energy markets face today, notably the decentralisation and decarbonisation of energy markets.