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This collection of papers is from the 1993 TMS annual Meeting held in Denver, Colorado, February 21-25, 1993. It provides a review of the development of refractory metal alloys (those based on vanadium, columbian, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium) from the 1950s to the present. The technology of many of the leading researchers in this area has been recorded and preserved as a reference for current and future researchers.
This publication documents Proceedings of the Symposium on Metal lurgy and Technology of Refractory Metal Alloys, held in Washington, D.C. at the Washington Hilton Hotel on April 25-26, 1968, under sponsorship of the Refractory Metals Committee, Institute of Metals Division, of the Metallurgical Society of AIME, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Symposium presented critical reviews of selected topics in refractory metal alloys, thereby contributing to an in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art, and establishing a base line for further research, development, and application. This Symposium is fifth in a series of conferences on refractory metals, sponsored by the Metallurgical Society of AlME. Publications issuing from the conferences are valuable technical and historical source books, tracing the evolution of refractory metals from early laboratory alloying studies to their present status as useful engineering materials. Refractory metals are arbitrarily defined by melting point. A 0 melting temperature of over 3500 F was selected as the minimum for this Symposium, thus excluding chromium and vanadium, which logically could be treated with other refractory metals in Groups VA and VIA of the periodic table. The Refractory Metals Committee is planning reviews of chromium and vanadium in subsequent conferences.
Alloying: Understanding the Basics is a comprehensive guide to the influence of alloy additions on mechanical properties, physical properties, corrosion and chemical behavior, and processing and manufacturing characteristics. The coverage considers "alloying" to include any addition of an element or compound that interacts with a base metal to influence properties. Thus, the book addresses the beneficial effects of major alloy additions, inoculants, dopants, grain refiners, and other elements that have been deliberately added to improve performance, as well the detrimental effects of minor elements or residual (tramp) elements included in charge materials or that result from improper melting or refining techniques. The content is presented in a concise, user-friendly format. Numerous figures and tables are provided. The coverage has been weighted to provided the most detailed information on the most industrially important materials.
This collection presents papers from the 151st Annual Meeting & Exhibition of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.
This report summarizes the present knowledge concerning the relationship among fabrication history, metallurgical structure, and the mechanical properites of the refractory metals columbium, tantalum, bolybdenum, and tungsten, and their alloys. These are the refractory metals currently reveiveing the most attention for aerospace applications, and are therefore the materials considered in this survey. The report is organized into three main sections, titled ''Fabrication'', ''Microstructure and Alloying'', and ''Interstitial Impurities''. The data presented were selected as those which best illustrate the topics discussed. Descriptions of the metaljurgical principles involved are included. Suggestions for optimizing mechanical properties by controlling metallurgical structure are made where possible. (Author).
Government-sponsored tungsten research and development efforts encompass a broad rage of technological activities. Typifying the extreme limits of efforts since January, 1960, studies have ranged from preparation of unalloyed metal to development of high-integrity fabricated shapes of tungsten-base materials. Nine major areas outline the broad over-all effort, and each is summarized within this report by brief technical discussions of 104 separate studies on 79 research programs. Included are preparation of metal, consolidation, primary and secondary working, joining, fabrication and performance of rocket nozzles, oxidation and other high-temperature reactions, protective coatings, properties, and physical metallurgy.