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China’s rapid economic development in recent decades has significantly boosted its international political activities as evidenced by the promotion of a set of relevant global foreign policy doctrines. Unlike the concepts adopted under Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, which were primarily ideological, China’s foreign policy conceptions since the early 2000s have been more scientific and commercial. The book analyses factors that influenced the change of foreign policy discourse of China during Xi Jinping’s Premiership (from 2012 till now). The book analyses the genesis and contents of modern China’s major foreign policy conceptions, such as the “One Belt, One Road” Initiative. These conceptions will be examined through the methodology of different theories and approaches, from sinicized Marxism, Max Weber’s theory, through to Foucault, Derrida and others. An important and challenging issue in China’s modern discourse is the problem of democracy and human rights. The book takes an interdisciplinary to these problems in relations between the West and China. Modern China, having carried out rapid socio-economic, scientific and technological development, not only did not change its political system, but also proceeded to reformat the international sphere of human rights in accordance with its understanding of them. The growing “shutdown” of China to the outside world narrows the opportunities for researchers, in whose arsenal the analysis of the discourse of key foreign policy actors occupies one of the central places.
The twenty-first century has been marked by great shifts of power in trade, wealth, and political discourse. China is at the crux of this change, and has quickly become a power of immeasurable influence. However, it is still unclear how China's rise will rebalance the international order. Originally published in Foreign Affairs, the preeminent magazine on foreign policy and international relations, the essays in this book assess the geopolitical consequences of China's rise to power, the development and environmental challenges China faces at home, and its relations with major players like the United States, Russia, and Taiwan. Taken together, the articles portray a global system in deep flux. How individuals and countries adapt is likely to define conflict and peace for the foreseeable future.
This book is a study of the making of foreign policy of China, a rising power in the 21st century. It examines three sets of driving forces behind China’s foreign policy making. One is historical sources, including the selective memories and reconstruction of the glorious empire with an ethnocentric world outlook and the century of humiliation at the hands of foreign imperialist powers. The second set is domestic institutions and players, particularly the proliferation of new party and government institutions and players, such as the national security commission, foreign policy think tanks, media and local governments. The third set is Chinese perception of power relations, particularly their position in the international system and their position relations with major powers. This book consists of articles from the Journal of Contemporary China.
Most people believe China's foreign behavior is driven by its growing power status in world politics. Chinese leaders still firmly uphold some traditional values in foreign policy such as sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national unification. However, it is often neglected that China's behavior is also shaped by its changing perception of the globalizing world and, to a large extent, is a result of external pressure on China. By examining the dynamics of paradigm shifts in China's foreign policy thinking, this book explores the ideological sources of China's international relations in the new century. With growing economic interdependence with the outside world, which creates both constraints as well as incentives to adapt to the prevailing norms in contemporary international relations, authors of this volume analyze indigenous Chinese sources of intellect on the paradigm shifts. The concepts studied in this volume include national identity, nationalism, globalism, multilateralism, sovereignty, and the role of international law in Chinese foreign policy. This volume helps to shed new light on how the dynamics of paradigm shifts affect China's behavior in international affairs.
US-China Relations in the 21st Century addresses the bilateral relations of these two nations on an international, domestic, societal and individual level between 1990 and 2005. Peaceful power shifts remain a central dilemma in world politics, since historically power transition from a dominant nation to a challenger has been associated with international wars. This book examines whether China and the US can learn from history and manage a potential power transition peacefully. Zhiqun Zhu selects two important cases of power transitions in history as the background for this study: power rivalry between Great Britain and Germany that led to the First World War the peaceful power transition from Great Britain to the United States. US-China Relations in the 21st Century contributes to the current International Relations theory by proposing a new analytical model on global power transition and providing recommendations for peacefully handling a potential power transition from the US to China in the future. This original and comprehensive study is essential reading for scholars of US and Chinese foreign policy, world politics and international relations.
The twenty-first century has been marked by great shifts of power in trade, wealth, and political discourse. China is at the crux of this change, and has quickly become a power of immeasurable influence. However, it is still unclear how China's rise will rebalance the international order. Originally published in Foreign Affairs, the preeminent magazine on foreign policy and international relations, the essays in this book assess the geopolitical consequences of China's rise to power, the development and environmental challenges China faces at home, and its relations with major players like the United States, Russia, and Taiwan. Taken together, the articles portray a global system in deep flux. How individuals and countries adapt is likely to define conflict and peace for the foreseeable future.
This book presents a comprehensive exploration of China's foreign policy evolution from the early twentieth century to the contemporary era. The intricate interplay between the People's Republic of China, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), and the global stage is meticulously traced, offering a nuanced understanding of China's dynamic engagement with the world. With a detailed analysis spanning eight chapters, the book delves into the contextual factors that influenced CCP's initial foreign policy ideas prior to the establishment of the People's Republic. It systematically unravels the gradual development of these ideas during the Cold War era and unveils the fundamental and adaptive trajectories that have shaped China's foreign policy landscape over the past three decades. Utilizing primary sources and academic texts, the book incorporates both Chinese and global perspectives to shed new light on the evolution of Chinese foreign policy thought, making it an invaluable contribution to the study of China's global interactions. The authors uniquely bridge the gap between different stages of China's foreign policy development across a centennial timeframe, offering an "organic" perspective on its growth, and their comprehensive analysis of China's foreign policy "toolset" adds a distinctive dimension to existing knowledge. By steering clear of preconceived notions, the book delivers a well-rounded analysis of China's foreign policy evolution.
Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, and particularly after the opening brought about by economic reforms roughly thirty years thereafter, China has become an influential player in regional and global affairs. Increasingly, both American and European policymakers examine Chinese foreign policy as a flexible, pragmatic, and significant element in world affairs. This has accelerated in the middle of the new first decade of this century, as business firms and political officials have developed interests in the sources, processes, and significance of China's reemergence as a global force. This volume examines how, in conjunction with rapid economic growth and profound social transformation, China's foreign policy is experiencing significant transition. The purpose of this truly deep and probing collection is to deepen Western understanding of the sources, substance, and significance of Chinese foreign policy--with a focus on the post Cold War environment. Contributors include academic specialists, area researchers, and distinguished journalists, all with firsthand experience in the field of China studies. The volume is divided into four parts: (1) theory and culture; (2) perspective and identity; (3) bilateral relationships; and (4) retrospective and prospective essays on Chinese policy concerns. The volume is sensitive to changes in national leadership and Communist Party structure as well as continuity and change in foreign policy. As Lowell Dittmer of the University of California notes in his Foreword, "precisely because it is so difficult to do well, the analysis of foreign policy is often conducted rather tritely. Thus it is a real pleasure to find assembled here a treasure trove of some of the finest work by some of the field's most penetrating minds. This is fortunate, for at the core of this volume is one of the biggest and most portentous questions to confront the world at the outset of the twenty-first century. That