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The Improved Land Tenancy in Sindh Province (ILTS) project, funded by the European Union and in partnership with the Government of Sindh, aims at contributing to responsible land and water governance in Sindh Province and helping its government and land users to address challenges they face regarding land tenure, food security and natural resources management. Its approach is based on the promotion of the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (VGGT). The evaluation found that the project generated benefits in the domain of civic governance but not in the domain of official governance. Facilitated by its community-level platforms, the project’s outputs contributed significantly to tenant and landlord beneficiaries through the transparency, security and accessibility associated with informal land tenancy agreements and village grievance redressal committees. To this extent, the project has nurtured community-based civic governance for secure landlord-tenant agreements in its project area. The project’s VGGT strategy suffered from limitations in project design and the strategy. Furthermore, no improvements were reported in livestock productivity and community-based disaster risk reduction, which has not yet been introduced. Recommendations to FAO include actions to strengthen targeting, social inclusion, monitoring and evaluation, and sustainability and suggestions on how to optimize engagement with the government and other stakeholders in view of project experiences.
The Food and Nutrition Security Impact, Resilience, Sustainability and Transformation (FIRST) Programme represents a partnership between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the European Union (EU). In 2018, the partnership agreed on the need to have a policy effectiveness analysis conducted in most of the FIRST countries. As policy implementation rather than formulation is repeatedly raised as one of Pakistan’s challenges, this assessment considered the implementation challenges of specific policy processes relevant to the FAO-EU partnership in the country, rather than the entire suite of relevant policies. It considered the necessary conditions to move forward and how best to meet these conditions, including through more strategic resource allocation and more effective approaches to building institutional capacity.
The report summarizes country achievements in the Asia and Pacific region in advancing towards the 2030 SDG deadlines. These success stories involve FAO offices working with governments and partners in some 21 countries in Asia and a complitation of success stories from the Pacific. It was initially published for presentation at the 35th Session of the FAO Regional Conference for Asia and the Pacific (APRC-35) in Thimphu, Bhutan (17-20 February 2020), but these achievements will be of interest to member countries and other development partners for several years to come.
This study, Indus basin of Pakistan: the impacts of climate risks on water and agriculture was undertaken at a pivotal time in the region. The weak summer monsoon in 2009 created drought conditions throughout the country. This followed an already tenuous situation for many rural households faced with high fuel and fertilizer costs and the impacts of rising global food prices. Then catastrophic monsoon flooding in 2010 affected over 20 million people, devastating their housing, infrastructure, and crops. Damages from this single flood event were estimated at US dollar 10 billion, half of which were losses in the agriculture sector. Notwithstanding the debate as to whether these observed extremes are evidence of climate change, an investigation is needed regarding the extent to which the country is resilient to these shocks. It is thus timely, if not critical, to focus on climate risks for water, agriculture, and food security in the Indus basin of Pakistan.
Water sustenance and management are central development challenges facing Pakistan today. This report argues for dramatic changes in policy and approach to enable Pakistan to maintain and build new infrastructure, besides securing the water required for future generations. Focusing on two basic issuesthe countrys major water-related challenges, and ways of addressing themthe report calls for reinvigorated public water policies and institutions to sustain water development and management in the future by: Exploring the evolution of water management in Pakistan Describing past achievements and their relevance in the current context Analyzing existing challenges Suggesting ways of evolving a sustainable water management system The report draws heavily on a set of companion reports by Pakistan water experts and policy analysts. These reports are presented in the accompanying CD and provide in-depth analyses of: The interface between water and agriculture, energy, environment, growth, and poverty Drinking water, sanitation, drainage and salinity, flood, dams, groundwater, and water balance management Water-related rights and entitlements, reforms, and resources and institutions
Examines the continuing prevalence of debt bondage in the 1990s despite the introduction of national legislation banning the practice. Makes recommendations to the Government and the international community for actions to be taken to eliminate bonded labour and provide rehabilitation for freed workers. Includes texts of Land Reforms Regulations, 1972, the Sindh Tenancy Act, 1950 and the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1992.
Karachi is one of the fastest growing cities in the world. It is Pakistan's only port and the major contributor to the country's economy. In addition, it is also a diverse city, with its population politically divided along ethnic lines. These three factors make urban land and that on the city fringe, a highly contested commodity around which federal, provincial, and local landowning agencies; corporate sector interests; formal and informal developers; international capital and military cantonments, compete for control and for extracting maximum value from it. The victims of this battle for turf and profits are the city's social and physical environment and its low and lower middle-income groups. This book deals with the history, evolution, and present day realities around who owns land; its legal and illegal acquisition, land-use conversions and development; the actors involved and their relationship with each other and with the public at large; the often violent conflicts that take place in this process and the measures that can be taken to regulate the land market for the creation of a better urban environment and for providing homes to its less privileged.