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Con el objetivo de conocer el estado antropometrico nutricional en la poblacion adolescente de Centro America y Panama, se proceso informacion sobre medidas antropometricas, previamente recolectadas en cuestas transversales de muestras de poblacion de estos paises. Para valorar el estado antropometrico nutricional, se construyo un conjunto de indices antropometricos que permitieran de uma manera indirecta evaluar el estado nutricional de los adolescentes, y conocer sus patrones de crecimiento fisico en relacion a la poblacion de referencia de la NCHS. Los resultados de los indices antropometricos de puntaje z de peso-edad, talla-edad y el indice de masa corporal, nos permite concluir que las muestras de poblacion adolescente estudiadas en Centro America y Panama, prsentam diferentes grados de retardo en el crecimiento fisico, en relacion a la poblacion de referencia de la NCHS, siendo los varones los que presentan un mayor deterioro nutricional. En base a los resultados, se propone realizar investigaciones para valorar el estado antopometrico nutricional del adolescente, mediante el uso de indicadores antropometrico de puntaje z de peso-edad, talla-edad y el indice de masa corporal, para conocer a traves del tiempo el comportamiento de estos indicadores en relacion a la poblacion de referencia (AU).
Objetivo. Valorar estado nutricional y percepción de seguridad alimentaria, de gestantes adolescentes consultantes en Instituciones de la ESE Salud Pereira durante el año 2009. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Con un 95% de nivel de confianza, se seleccionó una muestra de 150 gestantes, entre las asistentes al control prenatal durante los meses abril a junio de 2009. Se capacitaron cuatro encuestadores enfermeros profesionales. Se aplicó la encuesta la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria. Se realizó valoración nutricional a partir de los registros en la historia clínica de biomarcadores e indicadores antropométricos y obstétricos. Se realizó análisis univariado y bivariado. Resultados. El 95% de las gestantes adolescentes eran de estratos I y II, el 59% con escolaridad secundaria incompleta, el 79% primigrávidas. El 21% tenía bajo peso pregestacional y el 45% bajo peso durante la gestación. El 15% mostró anemia. El 33% reportó infección u ...
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Nutrigenetics" that was published in Nutrients
Humanity is aging. In the last century, life expectancy has increased by as much as 25 years, the greatest increase in 5'000 years of history. As a consequence the elderly constitute today the fastest growing segment of the world's population. This new situation creates many social problems and challenges to health care which both the developed as well as the developing countries will have to cope with. The present publication shows that scientific progress has reached a level where nutritional interventions may play a decisive part in the prevention of degenerative conditions of age, improvement of quality of life and impact on health care burden and resources. Topics deal with such different aspects as the influence of prenatal and early infant nutrition on the future aged individual and effects of energetic restriction on longevity. Further contributions include studies on mitochondrial alterations, digestive problems, specific metabolic deviations mediated by insulin, bone degradation, structural changes, neuromuscular dysfunctions, mental state of the elderly as well as the response of the immune system to nutrient intake. Finally the book offers a review of requirements appropriate to meet the age-related public health challenges of the 21st century.
The most respected nutrition text for more than 50 years, Krause's Food & the Nutrition Care Process delivers comprehensive and up-to-date information from respected educators and practitioners in the field. The latest recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, new and expanded chapters, and a large variety of tables, boxes, and pathophysiology algorithms provide need-to-know information with ease, making this text perfect for use in class or everyday practice. Clear, logical organization details each step of complete nutritional care from assessment to therapy. UNIQUE! Pathophysiology algorithms clarify the illness process and to ensure more effective care. New Directions boxes reflect the latest research in emerging areas in nutrition therapy. Focus On boxes provide additional detail on key chapter concepts. Clinical Insight boxes and Clinical Scenarios with detailed Sample Nutrition Diagnosis statements help ensure the most accurate and effective interventions in practice. Key terms listed at the beginning of each chapter and bolded within the text provide quick access to important nutrition terminology. More than 1,000 self-assessment questions on a companion Evolve website reinforce key textbook content. Reorganized table of contents reinforces the Nutrition Care Process structure endorsed by the American Dietetic Association (ADA). New recommendations reflect a comprehensive approach to diet and nutrition that incorporates the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, the MyPyramid food guide, and the Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide recommendations. MNT for Thyroid Disorders chapter details important nutrition considerations for managing thyroid disorders. New calcium and vitamin D Dietary Recommended Intakes (DRIs) improve monitoring of nutrient intake. Expanded Nutrition in Aging chapter includes assessment and nutritional care guidelines for the growing elderly patient population. Growth grids for children detail proper patient nutrition during infancy and early childhood. Extensively revised MNT for Food Allergies chapter highlights the importance of food allergy management in clinical nutrition therapy. Updated appendices enhance assessment accuracy with the latest laboratory findings and normal values.