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This innovative book - based on actual historical experience - advances the controversial idea that European Monetary Union will only succeed if supported by much closer political union between the member states. A careful analysis of initiatives in the nineteenth century shows that if a monetary union is based on an agreement between autonomous states, tensions arise which eventually destroy the arrangements. This leads to the conclusion that political union is a prerequisite not only for the sustainability of a monetary union, but also and especially for its irreversibility.
The European Union is at a crossroads. This book analyzes the historical roots of the EU's monetary and financial institutions in order to better understand its struggle to maintain an economic and monetary union, as well as the ongoing problems facing the Euro. The institutions of the EU are based on the operation of free markets, a common monetary policy, and the European Central Bank. These founding policies have created many of the imbalances at the root of the ongoing European recession. Reemerging threats of populism and localism are poised to further disintegrate the European construction and may spark fierce opposition between countries. Acocella engages with these risks, suggesting detailed actions for reform within the EU and its institutions that may steer it away from further conflict, allowing it to better serve its member states and citizens.
When the European Monetary System (EMS) was created in 1978, economists on both sides of the Atlantic predicted its early failure. Today, EMS is alive and well, continuing to defy conventional economic wisdom. The authors address three major questions about the European Monetary System (EMS): how it came into being, how it works and how it may evolve into a fully-fledged monetary union.
Europe’s financial crisis cannot be blamed on the Euro, Harold James contends in this probing exploration of the whys, whens, whos, and what-ifs of European monetary union. The current crisis goes deeper, to a series of problems that were debated but not resolved at the time of the Euro’s invention. Since the 1960s, Europeans had been looking for a way to address two conundrums simultaneously: the dollar’s privileged position in the international monetary system, and Germany’s persistent current account surpluses in Europe. The Euro was created under a politically independent central bank to meet the primary goal of price stability. But while the monetary side of union was clearly conceived, other prerequisites of stability were beyond the reach of technocratic central bankers. Issues such as fiscal rules and Europe-wide banking supervision and regulation were thoroughly discussed during planning in the late 1980s and 1990s, but remained in the hands of member states. That omission proved to be a cause of crisis decades later. Here is an account that helps readers understand the European monetary crisis in depth, by tracing behind-the-scenes negotiations using an array of sources unavailable until now, notably from the European Community’s Committee of Central Bank Governors and the Delors Committee of 1988–89, which set out the plan for how Europe could reach its goal of monetary union. As this foundational study makes clear, it was the constant friction between politicians and technocrats that shaped the Euro. And, Euro or no Euro, this clash will continue into the future.
The introduction of a single currency within the European Union in its present form is without precedent in world history and will have far-reaching consequences for the future prosperity of the continent. Economic and Monetary Union in Europe brings together contributions from leading specialists which explain and evaluate the most important implications of economic and monetary union. The book examines theoretical aspects of monetary integration, illustrates the historical lessons to be learned from these and discusses the resulting policy consequences. This book will be essential reading for undergraduates studying European monetary integration and will prove to be a key source of reference for academics and post graduates working in this area.
The book reconstructs the long road toward a European single currency: the first monetary unification projects in the '50s and '60s; the turbulence of the '70s; the EMS; the causes of the 1992 crisis; the long struggle for the Monetary Union, which would end at Maastricht. Finally, it focuses on the creation of the Eurozone and its recent crisis.
The move toward economic and monetary union is the most important issue facing the European nations today. The author assesses the opportunities and risks involved in the unification, and provides a guide to the complex issues and tangled recent history
Written by a former official of the EC's Monetary Committee, this systematic study meets the need for a description of the EU's economic and monetary union, rooted in the Treaties and the legal texts. It is a guide to the fundamentals of EMU and an aid to understanding and predicting issues and debates arising in Brussels and Frankfurt. EMU is given its location in economic and monetary thought and developing notions of central banking as well as in the history of attempts by the EU to find an effective exchange-rate regime. The book answers concrete questions on the rules for public finance, the concept of an excessive government deficit, the current trend of economic policy, the abolition of exchange control, exchange-rate policy for the Euro and the Community's place in the international monetary system. It makes clear what kind of currency the Euro is, and above all its grounding in price stability.
In this comprehensive historical overview, the author writes about Monetary Unions with admirable completeness. Written in a readable and enjoyable prose, A History of Monetary Unions combines historical analysis with present day context.