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India’s sustained and rapid economic growth offers an opportunity to lift millions out of poverty. But this may come at a steep cost to its environment and natural resources. This insightful book analyses India’s growth from an economic perspective and assesses whether India can grow in a "green" and sustainable manner. Three key issues are addressed. The first is the physical and monetary costs and losses of environmental health and natural resources driven by economic growth. The authors undertake a monetary valuation and quantification of environmental damage, using techniques that have been developed to better understand and quantify preferences and values of individuals and communities in the context of environmental quality, conservation of natural resources, and environmental health risks. The second part estimates the value of ecosystem services from the major biomes in India using state-of-the art methods with a view to preserving them for the future. The third section provides a menu of policy instruments to explore trade-offs between economic growth and environmental sustainability using a Computable General Equilibrium approach with particular attention to air pollution. The conclusions focus on the way forward in terms of policies, measures and instruments as India has to balance the twin challenges of maintaining economic prosperity while managing its environmental resources.
This book highlights methodological approaches for the economics of sustainable development and brings together recent empirical work done in India, especially by Dr. Surender Kumar and Dr. Shunsuke Managi. Various chapters in this book use Indian data to show the very wide applicability of methodologies in the theory of production for dealing with many empirical issues of environmentally sustainable development in a developing country. I congratulate the authors for the time and effort devoted to compiling this very useful reference on the subject and the publishers for publishing this volume. The methodologies of cost functions, distance functions, and production fu- tions have been used in many recent studies and in the studies reported in this book for environmental valuation. Environmental valuation is required for designing policy instruments like pollution taxes for sustainable development and for meas- ing green GDP. The UN methodology of integrated environmental and economic accounting provides ways of measuring the cost of maintaining environmental resources at sustainable levels or the maintenance cost for estimating green GDP. Some of the chapters in this book show that the methodology of distance functions could be used for estimating the cost of environmentally sustainable development.
Climate change has fostered a need to develop and apply strategies that optimize the use of natural resources on land and in water. This book covers a huge range of strategies that combine economics, policy and science and can be applied to various sectors.
Looking back to change track provides an answer to the questions that have marked the country's efforts to manage air pollution, water stress, waste disposal, forest wealth, and it's rich storehouses of biodiversity. In 1997, when India celebrated the 50th anniversary of its Independence, TERI's assessment of trends in the state of the environment in these 50 years sounded an alarm over the rapid deterioration of the nation's natural resources. 1997 was also a year when the fruits of economic liberalization were beginning to be realized, but what seemed to have slipped past policy-makers and the public alike was the pressure increased economic growth was exerting on India's natural resources. TERI estimated that the economic costs of environmental degradation in India already exceeded 10% of the country's gross domestic product. Released as GREEN India 2047, TERI's findings made it amply clear that neglecting the state of India's environment in the quest for development was an unsustainable proposition. The title explains that while in some cases, irreparable loss to the environment has occurred, in others, there still remains time to halt, reverse, and minimize the damage. As we step further into the 21st century, new approaches and strategies are required to tackle the onslaught faced by our vulnerable environment. This publication articulates some of these, which include progressive policy-making, sustained public'private partnerships, increased support for research and development of sustainable technologies, and last but definitely not the least, greater mobilization by civil society to protect India's natural resources. The message inherent in this book is that the stakeholders of India's natural resources include no one else but us Indians, and we need to partner each other to bring about a change in the way our environment is managed. For inspiration, we need to go no further than the Father of the Nation himself, whose advice ?Be the change you want to see in the world ? is as relevant to our relationship with our environment as in any other context.
Environmental Science is one of the most important areas of research and study in present time and its application in every aspect of life has also increased . Keeping this in view, almost all Indian Universities have introduced it as a compulsory course. This book is intended to suit the needs of graduate and postgraduate students pursuing environmental studies. To save the natural environment, a good and effective understanding of environmental science is needed. Environmental science is a term that has been widely used in recent years and its manifestations can range from environmental awareness learning through complex and expensive environmental study to operational research studies of environmental educations systems.
World Bank Technical Paper No. 378. In the cities of Nepal's Kathmandu Valley, the main contributor of air pollution comes from the transport sector, followed by power plants, industrial units, and burning of garbage. Fuel quality and engine conditions significantly influence the level of air pollution. In response to this growing problem, the Urban Environment Management Committee was launched to assist local institutions in developing action plans that would be an integral part of their air quality management system. This report focuses on the development of the air quality management system and concludes with an action plan for air pollution abatement that takes into account the economic costs and benefits of abatement measures for the Kathmandu Valley.
This book highlights the application of nature-based algorithms in natural resource management. The book includes the methodologies to apply what natural flora or fauna do to optimize their survival. The same technique was used to optimize renewable energy generation from water resources, maximization of profit from crop harvesting, forest resource management and decision-making studies. These studies can be used as an example for finding solutions of the other maximization or minimization problems which are common in natural resource management.
Air pollution is recognized as one of the leading contributors to the global environmental burden of disease, even in countries with relatively low concentrations of air pollution. Air Pollution: Health and Environmental Impacts examines the effect of this complex problem on human health and the environment in different settings around the world. I