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Varias decadas atras, las administraciones publicas concentraban sus esfuerzos en fomentar la pesca y la acuicultura y asegurar el crecimiento de la produccion y el consumo de sus productos. En el decenio de 1980, cuando muchos recursos alcanzaron la plena explotacion o incluso una explotacion excesiva, los responsables de las politicas comenzaron a prestar mas atencion a la ordenacion pesquera ademas de ocuparse del fomento de la acuicultura. El reconocimiento subsiguiente de los numerosos fallos de la ordenacion ha llevado a los Estados Miembros de la FAO y otras partes interesadas a adoptar un planteamiento mas amplio, y la gobernanza, es decir, la suma de las disposiciones juridicas, sociales, economicas y politicas utilizadas en la ordenacion sostenible de la pesca y la acuicultura, se considera hoy como el trasfondo indispensable de su gestion. La expansion de la acuicultura continua, mientras que a nivel mundial las pesquerias marinas de captura consideradas en su conjunto parecen haber alcanzado un limite. A la luz de la importancia cada vez mayor de la acuicultura, El estado mundial de la pesca y la acuicultura 2006 termina con un examen de los retos con que se enfrenta el sector y las oportunidades que tiene ante si. El examen se basa en un analisis prospectivo del sector acuicola mundial realizado por la FAO en los dos ultimos anos. Esta publicacion incluye la 4 edicion del CD-ROM World Fisheries and Aquaculture Atlas de la FAO (disponible solo en ingles), en el que se presenta un panorama mundial completo de la pesca de capture y la acuicultura marinas y continentales."
Several working documents, including 'State of world aquaculture 2006' and 'Prospective analysis of future aquaculture development' were presented at the meeting for information, discussion and decision by the Sub-Committee. The Sub-Committee agreed to the International Principles for Responsible Shrimp Farming. The Sub-Committee requested the Secretariat to ensure implementation of priority activities during the intersessional period. The Sub-Committee agreed that its next session should be held in 2008 and appreciated the offer by the Government of Chile to host it.
This book focuses on state of the art technologies to produce microbiologically safe foods for our global dinner table. Each chapter summarizes the most recent scientific advances, particularly with respect to food processing, pre- and post-harvest food safety, quality control, and regulatory information. The book begins with a general discussion of microbial hazards and their public health ramifications. It then moves on to survey the production processes of different food types, including dairy, eggs, beef, poultry, and fruits and vegetables, pinpointing potential sources of human foodborne diseases. The authors address the growing market in processed foods as well novel interventions such as innovative food packaging and technologies to reduce spoilage organisms and prolong shelf life. Each chapter also describes the ormal flora of raw product, spoilage issues, pathogens of concern, sources of contamination, factors that influence survival and growth of pathogens and spoilage organisms, indicator microorganisms, approaches to maintaining product quailty and reducing harmful microbial populations, microbial standards for end-product testing, conventional microbiological and molecular methods, and regulatory issues. Other important topics include the safety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), predictive microbiology, emerging foodborne pathogens, good agricultural and manufacturing processes, avian influenza, and bioterrorism.
La acuicultura se esta desarrollando, expandiendo e intensificando en casi todas las regiones del mundo. Si bien el sector parece ser capaz de cubrir la brecha entre las futuras demanda y oferta de alimentos acuaticos, existen muchas limitaciones y desafios para por lo menos mantener el nivel actual de consumo per capita a nivel global. Este documento examina las tendencias pasadas en el desarrollo de la acuicultura y describe su actual estado mundial. Publicado tambien en arabe, chino, frances e ingles."
The first comprehensive review of the current and future effects of climate change on the world’s fisheries and aquaculture operations The first book of its kind, Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture explores the impacts of climate change on global fisheries resources and on marine aquaculture. It also offers expert suggestions on possible adaptations to reduce those impacts. The world's climate is changing more rapidly than scientists had envisioned just a few years ago, and the potential impact of climate change on world food production is quite alarming. Nowhere is the sense of alarm more keenly felt than among those who study the warming of the world's oceans. Evidence of the dire effects of climate change on fisheries and fish farming has now mounted to such an extent that the need for a book such as this has become urgent. A landmark publication devoted exclusively to how climate change is affecting and is likely to affect commercially vital fisheries and aquaculture operations globally, Climate Change Impacts on Fisheries and Aquaculture provides scientists and fishery managers with a summary of and reference point for information on the subject which has been gathered thus far. Covers an array of critical topics and assesses reviews of climate change impacts on fisheries and aquaculture from many countries, including Japan, Mexico, South Africa, Australia, Chile, US, UK, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, India and others Features chapters on the effects of climate change on pelagic species, cod, lobsters, plankton, macroalgae, seagrasses and coral reefs Reviews the spread of diseases, economic and social impacts, marine aquaculture and adaptation in aquaculture under climate change Includes special reports on the Antarctic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, the Arctic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea Extensive references throughout the book make this volume both a comprehensive text for general study and a reference/guide to further research for fisheries scientists, fisheries managers, aquaculture personnel, climate change specialists, aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate biologists, physiologists, marine biologists, economists, environmentalist biologists and planners.
This book presents the latest research on aquaculture which is the cultivation of aquatic organisms. Unlike fishing, aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, implies the cultivation of aquatic populations under controlled conditions. Mariculture refers to aquaculture practised in marine environments. Particular kinds of aquaculture include algaculture (the production of kelp/seaweed and other algae); fish farming; shrimp farming, shellfish farming, and the growing of cultured pearls.
Several working documents, including 'State of world aquaculture 2006' and 'Prospective analysis of future aquaculture development' were presented at the meeting for information, discussion and decision by the Sub-Committee. The Sub-Committee agreed to the International Principles for Responsible Shrimp Farming. The Sub-Committee requested the Secretariat to ensure implementation of priority activities during the intersessional period. The Sub-Committee agreed that its next session should be held in 2008 and appreciated the offer by the Government of Chile to host it.
The constant growth of the world’s population and the decline of the availability of land and soil resources are global concerns for food security. Other concerns are the decrease in productivity and delivery of essential ecosystems services because of the decline of soil quality and health by a range of degradation processes. Key soil properties like soil bulk density, organic carbon concentration, plant available water capacity, infiltration rate, air porosity at field moisture capacity, and nutrient reserves, are crucial properties for soil functionality which refers to the capacity of soil to perform numerous functions. These functions are difficult to measure directly and are estimated through indices of soil quality and soil health. Soil degradation, its extent and severity, can also be estimated by assessing indices of soil quality and health. "Geospatial Technology for Land Degradation Assessment and Management" uses satellite imagery and remote sensing technologies to measure landscape parameters and terrain attributes. Remote sensing and geospatial technologies are important tools in assessing the extent and the severity of land and soil degradation, their temporal changes, and geospatial distribution in a timely and cost-effective manner. The knowledge presented in the book by Dr. R.S. Dwivedi shows how remote sensing data can be utilized for inventorying, assessing, and monitoring affected ecosystems and how this information can be integrated in the models of different local settings. Through many land degradations studies, land managers, researchers, and policymakers will find practical applications of geospatial technologies and future challenges. The information presented is also relevant to advancing the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations towards global food security.
This book is based on selected papers from keynote and symposium sessions given at the 16th International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST) World Congress, held in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil August, 2012. The theme of the Congress was the challenges faced by food science in both the developed and developing regions of the world. The symposia featured prominent world-renowned keynote and plenary speakers, young researchers, and the technical sessions covered the whole spectrum of basic and applied food science and technology, including consumer issues and education, diets and health, ethnic foods, and R&D.​